[Footnote 7: Compare St. Augustine's curious anecdote in _De Cura pro Mortuis habenda_ about the dead and revived Curio. The founder of the new Sioux religion, based on hypnotism, 'died' and recovered.] [Footnote 8: Cf. Demeter.] [Footnote 9: Major North, for long the U.S. Superintendent of the Pawnees.] [Footnote 10: Schoolcraft, iii. 237.] [Footnote 11: As envisaged here, Nà-pi is not a spirit. The question of spirit or non-spirit has not arisen. So far, Nà-pi answers to Marrangarrah, the Creative Being of the Larrakeah tribe of Australians. 'A very good Man called Marrangarrah lives in the sky; he made all living creatures, except black fellows. He made everything.... He never dies, and likes all black fellows.' He has a demiurge, Dawed (Mr. Foelsche, _apud_ Dr. Stirling, _J.A.I_., Nov. 1894, p. 191). It is curious to observe how savage creeds often shift the responsibility for evil from the Supreme Creator, entirely beneficent, on to a subordinate deity.] [Footnote 12: Grinnell's _Blackfoot Lodge-Tales_ and _Pawnee Hero Stories_.] [Footnote 13: Garcilasso, i. 101.] [Footnote 14: Op. cit. i. 106.] [Footnote 15: From all this we might conjecture, like Mr. Prescott, that the Incas borrowed Pachacamac from the Yuncas, and etherealised his religion. But Mr. Clements Markham points out that 'Pachacamac is a pure Quichua word.'] [Footnote 16: Garcilasso, ii. 446, 447.] [Footnote 17: Cieza de Leon. p.253] [Footnote 18: Markham's translation, p. 253.] [Footnote 19: _Rites and Laws of the Yncas_, Markham's translation, p. vii.] [Footnote 20: _Rites_, p. 6. Garcilasso, i. 109.] [Footnote 21: _Rites_, p. 11.] [Footnote 22: Compare _Reports on Discovery of Peru,_ Introduction.] [Footnote 23: _Rites_, p. xv.] [Footnote 24: Lord Ailesbury's _Memoirs_.] [Footnote 25: Garcilasso, ii. 68.] [Footnote 26: Cieza de Leon, p. 357.] [Footnote 27: _Rites,_ pp. 28, 29.] [Footnote 28: Acosta, lib. vi. ch. 21: Garcilasso. ii. 88, 89.] [Footnote 29: _Rites_, p. 12.] [Footnote 30: Ibid. p.54.] [Footnote 31: _Prim. Cult_. ii, 337, 338.] [Footnote 32: _Rites_, p. 29.] [Footnote 33: Garcilasso, ii. 69.] [Footnote 34: _Rites and Laws_, p. 91 _et seq_.] [Footnote 35: Payne, i. 139.] [Footnote 36: Op. cit. i. 468. Mr. Payne absolutely rejects Ixtlilochitl's story of the monotheism of Nezahualcoyotl; 'Torquemada knows nothing of it,' i. 490.] [Footnote 37: Cushing, _Report, Ethnol. Bureau_, 1891-92, p. 379.] [Footnote 38: _J.A.I_. May 1895, pp. 341-344.] [Footnote 39: ii. 191, 1829.] [Footnote 40: _Prim. Cult_. ii. 345, 346. Ellis, ii. 193.] [Footnote 41: Ellis, ii. 221.] [Footnote 42: _The Faiths of The World_, p. 413.] XV THE OLD DEGENERATION THEORY If any partisan of the anthropological theory has read so far into this argument, he will often have murmured to himself, 'The old degeneration theory!' On this Dr. Brinton remarked in 1868: