The Magpie Robin (_Copsychus saularis_), cock only; in the hen the black is replaced by brownish grey. The Pied Honeyeater (_Entomophila picata_). The Chaplain Crow (white-bodied form of the hoodie crow). The New Ireland Swallow Shrike (_Artamus insignis_). The Magpie Goose (_Anseranas melanoleucus_). Combinations of this kind, in which the black is replaced by brown or grey, are excessively rare. On the other hand, we see in several birds the combination in which the white is replaced by yellow:— The Common Troupial (_Icterus vulgaris_). The Black-headed Oriole (_Oriolus melano cephalus_). The Black-and-yellow Grosbeak, male only. What we may call imperfect magpie colouration, _i.e._ where the head becomes white, occurs in several species of birds. The head of a black species sometimes becomes white as a mutation; in the domestic Muscovy duck, for example, an individual is sometimes produced having a white head, although the black of the remainder of the plumage remains unchanged. As examples of this scheme of colouration we may cite— Black-and-white Fruit Pigeons (_Myristicivoræ_). Several Gannets (_Sula capensis_, _S. serrator_, etc.) Swallow-tailed Kite (_Elanoides furcatus_). Several Storks (_Euxenura maguari_, _Anastomus oscitans_, _Pseudotantalus cinereus_). Moreover, a common variety of the barn-door fowl has also a white body and black primaries and tail, showing that this scheme of colour may arise as a mutation. A further elimination of black in the tail and body leads us to white birds with more or less black wings:— White Storks (_Ciconia alba_, _C. boyciana_, and _Euxenura maguari_). The White Crane (_Grus leucogeranus_). The Snow Geese (_Chen nivalis_, _C. rossi_). The Common Gannet (_Sula bassana_). The White Buzzard (_Leucopternis_). The Scavenger Vultures (_Neophron_). A recurring combination in mammals is black, with a white marking on the breast. Most of the bears, even young brown bears, show a tendency to this. It is also found in the Tasmanian devil, and in varieties of our domestic cats, rats, and dogs; also in the domestic duck. The white-spotted pelage, not uncommon in deer, especially fawns, is curiously repeated in the Australian carnivorous marsupials, known as Native Cats (_Dasyurus_). In domestic animals we frequently find the following localisation of white—white socks, collar, breast, and muzzle. The arrangement occurs in cats, dogs, rabbits, guinea-pigs and mice, also in the horse and pig, but without the collar. The arrangement is not seen in goats, cattle, or sheep, nor in wild animals of any kind. This would lead to the conclusion that the combination is correlated with some character unfavourable to survival under natural conditions. Many variations which frequently occur among both wild and domestic animals do not persist in nature. Albinos