Lives of Paul by Cone, Clemen (German) and others are abundant in recent years. See the _Encyclopaedias_ and _Dictionaries of the Bible_, s.v. "Paul." 3. Critical Treatments of the Synoptic Gospels and Acts. STANTON, V. H. _The Gospels as Historical Documents_, Parts I and II. Cambridge University Press, 1903-1909. 297 + 400 pp., 8vo. A standard survey of Gospel criticism from a conservative standpoint, the work of a scholar for scholars. CONE, O. _Gospel Criticism and Historical Christianity._ Putnam's, N.Y., 1891. 375 pp., small 8vo. Liberal, semi-popular. BURKITT, F. C. _The Earliest Sources for the Life of Jesus._ Houghton & Mifflin, Boston and New York, 1910. 130 pp., 12mo. Simple and popular. Burkitt is a leading progressive scholar. 4. The Johannine Writings. DRUMMOND, JAS. _Character and Authorship of the Fourth Gospel._ Scribner's, N.Y., 1904. 544 pp., 8vo. The ablest recent defence of the traditional authorship. Scholarly discussion of the literary history. BACON, B. W. _The Fourth Gospel in Research and Debate._ Moffat, Yard & Co., N.Y., 1910. 556 pp., 8vo. A similar discussion of the evidences reaching the reverse conclusion. SCOTT, E. F. _The Fourth Gospel, its Purpose and Theology._ T. & T. Clarke, Edinburgh, 1906. 386 pp., 8vo. Admirable in temper, lucid in style, semi-popular. SCHMIEDEL, P. W. _The Johannine Writings._ Engl. transl., by M. A. Canney. London, A. & C. Black, 1903. 295 pp., 12mo. Brief, popular, radical, by one of the ablest of N.T. critics. General. REUSS, E. _History of the N.T._ Engl. transl. from 5th German ed., by E. L. Houghton. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1884. 649 pp. 2 vols. large 8vo. A standard treasury of scholarly information. WERNLE, P. _The Beginnings of Christianity._ Engl. transl., by G. A. Bienemann. London, Williams & Norgate, 1904. 388 + 404 pp., 8vo. 2 vols. Able, scholarly, advanced. PFLEIDERER, O. _Christian Origins._ Engl. transl., by D. Huebsch. New York, B. W. Huebsch, 1906. 295 pp., 12mo. Popular lectures showing something of the views of the modern school of critics known as _religionsgeschichtlich_. Pfleiderer's critical opinions are fully expressed in his _Primitive Christianity_ (Engl. transl., by W. Montgomery, in four vols., 8vo. Putnams, 1909). MUZZEY, D. S. _The Rise of the N.T._ New York, Macmillan, 1900. 156 pp., 12mo. An excellent primer for beginners. WREDE, W. _The Origin of the N.T._ Engl. transl. by J. S. Hill. Harper & Bros., London & New York, 1909. 151 pp., 12mo. An admirable primer by a brilliant leader of advanced criticism.