6. P. pùmila, L. (DWARF CHERRY. SAND C.) Smooth, depressed and trailing (6´--6° high); _leaves obovate-lanceolate, tapering to the base_, somewhat toothed near the apex, _pale underneath_; flowers 2--4 together; fruit ovoid, dark red or nearly black when ripe, without bloom; stone ovoid, marginless, of the size of a large pea.--Rocks or sandy banks, N. Brunswick to Va., west to Minn. and Kan. Fruit usually sour and astringent. 7. P. Pennsylvánica, L. f. (WILD RED CHERRY.) Tree 20--30° high, with light red-brown bark; _leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, finely and sharply serrate, shining, green and smooth both sides_; flowers many in a cluster, on long pedicels; fruit globose, light red, very small, with thin and sour flesh; stone globular.--Rocky woods, Newf. to N. C., west to Minn. and Mo. P. SPINÒSA, L. (SLOE. BLACK THORN.) Branches thorny; _leaves obovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, at length glabrous_; pedicels glabrous; fruit small, globular, black with a bloom, the stone turgid, acute on one edge.--Var. INSITÍTIA (BULLACE-PLUM), is less spiny, the pedicels and lower side of the leaves pubescent.--Roadsides and waste places, N. Eng. to Penn. and N. J. (Adv. from Eu.) § 2. PADUS. _Drupe small, globose, without bloom; the stone turgid-ovate, marginless; flowers in racemes terminating leafy branches, therefore appearing after the leaves, late in spring._ 8. P. Virginiàna, L. (CHOKE-CHERRY.) A tall shrub, with grayish bark; _leaves oval, oblong, or obovate, abruptly pointed, very sharply (often doubly) serrate with slender teeth_, thin; petals roundish; fruit red turning to dark crimson; stone smooth.--River-banks, Newf. to Ga., west to Minn., E. Neb., and Tex.--Fruit very austere and astringent. A variety with very short dense racemes and sweeter yellowish fruit has been found at Dedham, Mass. 9. P. seròtina, Ehrh. (WILD BLACK CHERRY.) A large tree, with reddish-brown branches; _leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, taper-pointed, serrate with incurved short and callous teeth_, thickish, shining above; racemes elongated; petals obovate; fruit purplish-black.--Woods, N. Scotia to Fla., west to Minn., E. Neb., and La.--Fruit slightly bitter, but with a pleasant vinous flavor. 10. P. demíssa, Walp. Low but tree-like in habit, 3--12° high, resembling n. 8 in foliage, but the leaves rather thick and the teeth less slender; racemes often elongated; fruit purplish-black, sweet and but slightly astringent.--Central Kan. and Neb. to New Mex., Dak., and westward. 2. SPIRÆ̀A, L. MEADOW-SWEET. Calyx 5-cleft, short, persistent. Petals 5, obovate, equal, imbricated in the bud. Stamens 10--50. Pods (follicles) 5--8, not inflated, few--several-seeded. Seeds linear, with a thin or loose coat and no albumen.--Shrubs or perennial herbs, with simple or pinnate leaves, and white or rose-colored flowers in corymbs or panicles. (The Greek name, from σπειράω, _to twist_, from the twisting of the pods in the original species.)