1. C. glomeràtus, Raf. Low (3--8´), with a short erect caudex bearing leaves and peduncles at the summit, glabrous; rays and pedicels very short, _making a compact cluster; involucre none; involucel of a single palmately 5--7-parted bractlet_; fruit globose (3--4´´ in diam.); wings rather corky; _oil-tubes 4 or 5 in the intervals_.--Minn. and Wisc. to Iowa and Ark., and westward. 2. C. montànus, Torr. & Gray. Of similar habit (1--6´ high), glaucous and mostly glabrous; _rays 3--9´´ long_, pedicels very short; _involucre and involucels of mostly broad membranaceous usually green-veined bracts_ (more or less united); fruit oblong to orbicular in outline (3--6´´ long); wings thin; _oil-tubes 1--3 in the intervals_.--Neb. to central Kan., Tex., and westward. April. 11. THÁSPIUM, Nutt. MEADOW-PARSNIP. Calyx-teeth conspicuous. Fruit ovoid to oblong, slightly flattened dorsally; carpel with 3 or 4 or all the ribs strongly winged; oil-tubes solitary in the intervals, 2 on the commissure. Stylopodium wanting; styles long.--Perennials (2--5° high), with ternately divided leaves (or the lower simple) and broad serrate or toothed leaflets, mostly yellow flowers, and all the fruit pedicelled. (Name a play upon _Thapsia_, so called from the island of Thapsus.) 1. T. aùreum, Nutt. _Glabrous; root-leaves mostly cordate, serrate; stem-leaves simply ternate_ (rarely biternate); leaflets ovate to lanceolate, round or tapering at base, serrate; _flowers deep yellow_; fruit globose-ovoid, about 2´´ long, _all the ribs equally winged_.--Thickets and woodlands, throughout the Atlantic States and west into the Miss. Valley. Fl. in summer and maturing fruit in late summer or autumn. Very variable, an extreme form being Var. trifoliàtum, Coult. & Rose. Leaves or leaflets crenate or crenately toothed. (T. trifoliatum, _Gray_, Man., in part.)--Ohio to Ill., westward to Oregon. The common western form. Var. atropurpùreum, Coult. & Rose. Petals dark-purple. (T. trifoliatum, var. atropurpureum, _Gray_, Man.)--Same range as the species. 2. T. barbinòde, Nutt. Loosely branched, _pubescent on the joints_, sometimes puberulent in the umbels; _leaves 1--3-ternate; leaflets ovate to lanceolate_, acute, with cuneate base, coarsely cut-serrate, often ternately cleft or parted; _flowers light yellow_; fruit broadly oblong, about 3´´ long and 2´´ broad, _with mostly 7 prominent wings_.--Banks of streams, N. Y. to Minn., and southward. May--June.--Var. ANGUSTIFÒLIUM, Coult. & Rose, has narrower, more sharply cut leaflets, and fruit more or less puberulent.--Penn. to Ill.