6. A. trifòlia, Decsne. & Planch. (DWARF GINSENG. GROUND-NUT.) _Root or tuber globular_, deep in the ground (pungent to the taste, not aromatic); stems 4--8´ high; _leaflets 3--5, sessile_ at the summit of the leafstalk, narrowly oblong, obtuse; styles usually 3; _fruit yellowish_.--Rich woods, N. Scotia to Minn., south to Ga. April, May. ORDER 50. CORNÀCEÆ. (DOGWOOD FAMILY.) _Shrubs or trees (rarely herbaceous), with opposite or alternate simple leaves, the calyx-tube coherent with the 1--2-celled ovary, its limb minute, the petals (valvate in the bud) and as many stamens borne on the margin of an epigynous disk in the perfect flowers; style one; a single anatropous ovule hanging from the top of the cell; the fruit a 1--2-seeded drupe; embryo nearly as long as the albumen, with large foliaceous cotyledons._--Including two genera, of which Nyssa is partly apetalous. Bark bitter and tonic. 1. Cornus. Flowers perfect, 4-merous. Leaves mostly opposite. 2. Nyssa. Flowers diœciously polygamous, 5-merous. Leaves alternate. 1. CÓRNUS, Tourn. CORNEL. DOGWOOD. Flowers perfect (or in some foreign species diœcious). Calyx minutely 4-toothed. Petals 4, oblong, spreading. Stamens 4; filaments slender. Style slender; stigma terminal, flat or capitate. Drupe small, with a 2-celled and 2-seeded stone.--Leaves opposite (except in one species), entire. Flowers small, in open naked cymes, or in close heads surrounded by a corolla-like involucre. (Name from _cornu_, a horn; alluding to the hardness of the wood.) § 1. _Flowers greenish, in a head or close cluster, surrounded by a large and showy, 4-leaved, corolla-like, white or rarely pinkish involucre; fruit bright red._ 1. C. Canadénsis, L. (DWARF CORNEL. BUNCH-BERRY.) _Stems low and simple_ (5--7´ high) from a slender creeping and subterranean rather woody trunk; leaves scarcely petioled, the lower scale-like, the upper crowded into an apparent whorl in sixes or fours, ovate or oval, pointed; _leaves of the involucre ovate_; fruit globular.--Damp cold woods, N. J. to Ind. and Minn., and the far north and west. June. 2. C. flórida, L. (FLOWERING DOGWOOD.) _Tree_ 12--40° high; leaves ovate, pointed, acutish at the base; _leaves of the involucre obcordate_ (1½´ long); _fruit oval_.--Dry woods, from S. New Eng. to Ont. and S. Minn., south to Fla. and Tex. May, June. Very showy in flower, scarcely less so in fruit. § 2. _Flowers white, in open flat spreading cymes; involucre none; fruit spherical; leaves all opposite (except in n. 9)._ [*] _Pubescence woolly and more or less spreading._ 3. C. circinàta, L'Her. (ROUND-LEAVED CORNEL or DOGWOOD.) Shrub 6--10° high; _branches greenish_, warty-dotted; _leaves round-oval, abruptly pointed, woolly beneath_ (2--5´ broad); cymes flat; _fruit light blue_.--Copses, in rich or sandy soil, or on rocks, N. Scotia to Dak., south to Va. and Mo. June.