5. G. lanceolàtum, Torr. (WILD LIQUORICE.) Nearly glabrous; _leaves_ (except the lowest) _lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, tapering to the apex_ (2´ long); _corolla glabrous, yellowish turning dull purple, lobes more acuminate_; otherwise like the last.--Dry woods, N. Eng. to N. Mich. and Minn. 6. G. latifòlium, Michx. Smooth (1--2° high); _leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate_, acute (2´ long), the midrib and margins rough; cymes panicled, loosely many-flowered, the purple flowers on _slender spreading pedicels; fruit smooth_, rather fleshy.--Dry woods, mountains of Penn. to N. C. and Tenn. 7. G. Arkansànum, Gray. Similar but lower; leaves lanceolate to linear (1´ long or less), the lateral nerves obscure or none.--S. Mo. and Ark. [+][+] _Leaves narrow; flowers bright white, numerous in a compact panicle._ 8. G. boreàle, L. (NORTHERN BEDSTRAW.) Smooth (1--2° high); leaves linear-lanceolate; fruit minutely bristly, sometimes smooth.--Rocky banks of streams, Maine to Penn., Iowa, Minn., and westward. (Eu., Asia.) [*][*][*] _Leaves in 4's, 5's, or 6's, small, 1-nerved; flowers white; fruit smooth (flowers greenish and fruit hispid in n. 12.)_ [+] _Leaves pointless._ 9. G. trífidum, L. (SMALL BEDSTRAW.) Stems weak, ascending (5--20´ high), branching, mostly roughened backwards on the angles; _leaves in whorls of 4 to 6_, linear or oblanceolate, the margins and midrib rough; _peduncles scattered, 1--7-flowered_; corolla-lobes and stamens often only 3.--Sphagnous bogs and wet ground, throughout the continent. Exceedingly variable.--Var. PUSÍLLUM, Gray, the smallest form; leaves only in 4's, 3--4´´ long, narrow, in age often reflexed; peduncles 1-flowered. In cold bogs, northward.--Var. LATIFÒLIUM, Torr., the larger and broadest-leaved form; leaves 6 or 7´´ long, often 2´´ wide. From Canada, south and west. (Eu., Asia.) 10. G. concínnum, Torr. & Gray. Stems low and slender (6--12´ high), with minutely roughened angles; _leaves all in 6's, linear, slightly pointed_, veinless, the margins upwardly roughened; _peduncles 2--3 times forked, diffusely panicled_; pedicels short.--Dry hills, Penn. to Va., west to Minn., Iowa, and Ark. [+][+] _Leaves cuspidately mucronate or acuminate._ 11. G. aspréllum, Michx. (ROUGH BEDSTRAW.) _Stem_ much branched, _rough backwards with hooked prickles_, leaning on bushes (3--5° high); _leaves in whorls of 6, or 4--5 on the branchlets, oval-lanceolate_, with almost prickly margins and midrib; peduncles short, 2--3 times forked.--Alluvial ground, N. Eng. to N. C., west to Minn., Iowa, and Mo. 12. G. triflòrum, Michx. (SWEET-SCENTED BEDSTRAW.) Stem (1--3° long) bristly-roughened backward on the angles; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, bristle pointed, with slightly roughened margins (1--2´ long); peduncles 3-flowered, the flowers all pedicelled, greenish; fruit beset with hooked bristles.--Rich woodlands, throughout the continent. Sweet-scented in drying. (Eu.)