2. A. uncinàtum, L. (WILD MONKSHOOD.) Glabrous; _stem slender, from tuberous-thickened roots, erect_, but weak and disposed to climb; _leaves firm, deeply 3--5-lobed_, petioled, the lobes ovate-lanceolate, coarsely toothed; _flowers blue; helmet erect, obtusely conical_, compressed, slightly beaked in front.--Rich shady soil along streams, Penn., and southward in the mountains; Wisc. June--Aug. 3. A. reclinàtum, Gray. (TRAILING WOLFSBANE.) Glabrous; stems trailing (3--8° long); _leaves deeply 3--7-cleft_, petioled, the lower orbicular in outline; the divisions wedge-form, incised, often 2--3-lobed; _flowers white_, in very loose panicles; _helmet soon horizontal, elongated-conical_, with a straight beak in front.--Cheat Mountain, Va., and southward in the Alleghanies. Aug.--Lower leaves 5--6´ wide. Flowers 9´´ long, nearly glabrous. 19. CIMICÍFUGA, L. BUGBANE. Sepals 4 or 5, falling off soon after the flower expands. Petals, or rather transformed stamens, 1--8, small, on claws, 2-horned at the apex. Stamens as in Actæa. Pistils 1--8, forming dry dehiscent pods in fruit.--Perennials, with 2--3-ternately-divided leaves, the leaflets cut-serrate, and white flowers in elongated wand-like racemes. (Name from _cimex_, a bug, and _fugo_, to drive away.) § 1. CIMICIFUGA proper. _Pistils 3--8, stipitate; seeds flattened laterally, covered with chaffy scales, in one row in the membranaceous pods; style awl-shaped; stigma minute._ 1. C. Americàna, Michx. (AMERICAN BUGBANE.) Stem 2--4° high; racemes slender, panicled, ovaries mostly 5, glabrous; pods flattened, veiny, 6--8-seeded.--Mountains of S. Penn. and southward. Aug.--Sept. § 2. MACRÒTYS. _Pistil solitary, sometimes 2--3, sessile; seeds smooth, flattened and packed horizontally in the pod in two rows, as in_ Actæa; _stigma broad and flat._ 2. C. racemòsa, Nutt. (BLACK SNAKEROOT. BLACK COHOSH.) Stem 3--8° high, from a thick knotted rootstock; racemes in fruit becoming 1--3° long; pods ovoid.--Rich woods, Maine to Wisc., and southward. July.--Var. DISSÉCTA, Gray. Leaves irregularly pinnately decompound, the rather small leaflets incised.--Centreville, Del. (_Commons._) 20. ACTÆ̀A, L. BANEBERRY. COHOSH. Sepals 4 or 5, falling off when the flower expands. Petals 4--10, small, flat, spatulate, on slender claws. Stamens numerous, with slender white filaments. Pistil single; stigma sessile, depressed, 2-lobed. Fruit a many-seeded berry. Seeds smooth, flattened, and packed horizontally in 2 rows.--Perennials, with ample 2--3-ternately compound leaves, the ovate leaflets sharply cleft and toothed, and a short and thick terminal raceme of white flowers. (From ἀκτέα, _actæa_, ancient names of the elder, transferred by Linnæus.) 1. A. spicàta, L., var. rùbra, Ait. (RED BANEBERRY.) _Raceme ovate_; petals rhombic-spatulate, much shorter than the stamens; _pedicels slender; berries cherry-red_, or sometimes white, oval.--Rich woods, common, especially northward. April, May.--Plant 2° high. (Eu.)