[++][++] Pod cylindrical, dehiscent by twice as many equal teeth as styles. 8. Holosteum. Petals denticulate or notched. Styles usually 3. Seeds fixed by the face. 9. Cerastium. Petals notched or 2-cleft. Styles 5 or 4. Seeds fixed edgewise. [+][+] Styles alternate with the sepals. Stamens as many, or twice as many. 10. Sagina. Petals 4 or 5, entire, or none. Styles 4 or 5. Pod short, 4--5-valved. [*][*] Stipules present. Pod short. 11. Buda. Styles 3. Pod 3-valved. Leaves opposite. 12. Spergula. Styles 5. Valves of the pod opposite the sepals. Leaves whorled. 1. DIÁNTHUS, L. PINK. CARNATION. Calyx cylindrical, nerved or striate, 5-toothed, subtended by 2 or more imbricated bractlets. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Pod 1-celled, 4-valved at the apex. Seeds flattish on the back; embryo scarcely curved.--Ornamental plants, of well-known aspect and value in cultivation. (Name from Διός, _of Jupiter_, and ἄνθος _flower_, i.e., Jove's own flower.) D. ARMÈRIA, L. (DEPTFORD PINK.) Annual; flowers clustered; bractlets of the calyx and _bracts lance-awl-form_, herbaceous, downy, as long as the tube; leaves linear, _hairy_; petals small, rose-color with white dots, crenate.--Fields, etc., eastward. July. (Adv. from Eu.) D. PRÒLIFER, L. Annual, _smooth_, slender; flowers clustered; _bractlets ovate, dry_, concealing the calyx; leaves few, narrow, linear, erect; petals small, pink.--N. J. and E. Penn. (Adv. from Eu.) D. DELTOÌDES, L. (MAIDEN PINK.) Perennial; leaves short, narrowly lanceolate, downy and roughish; flowers solitary; bracts ovate, half as long as the tube; petals rose-color or white, toothed.--Mich., _L. H. Bailey_. (Nat. from Eu.) D. BARBÀTUS, L. (SWEET WILLIAM.) Perennial; flowers fascicled; leaves large, lanceolate; bracts filiform-attenuate, equalling the calyx.--Sparingly spontaneous. (Adv. from Eu.) 2. GYPSÓPHILA, L. Calyx narrowly top shaped or campanulate, 5-nerved, 5-toothed, naked at base. Petals not crowned. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Pod 1-celled, 4-valved at the apex, sessile.--Slender glaucous annuals or perennials, with numerous small flowers. (Name from γύψος, _gypsum_, and φιλεῖν, _to love_.) G. MURÀLIS, L. Annual, much branched; leaves very narrowly linear; flowers on slender pedicels, solitary in the forks; calyx turbinate, the teeth short, obtuse; petals purplish, crenate or emarginate.--Sparingly naturalized. (Nat. from Eu.) 3. SAPONÀRIA, L. Calyx narrowly ovoid or oblong, 5-toothed, obscurely nerved, naked. Stamens 10. Styles 2. Pod 1-celled, or incompletely 2--4-celled at base, 4-toothed at the apex.--Coarse annuals or perennial, with large flowers. (Name from _sapo_, soap, the mucilaginous juice forming a lather with water.) S. OFFICINÀLIS, L. (SOAPWORT. BOUNCING BET.) Flowers in corymbed clusters; calyx terete; petals crowned with an appendage at the top of the claw; leaves oval-lanceolate.--Roadsides, etc. July--Sept.--A stout perennial, with large rose-colored flowers, commonly double. (Adv. from Eu.)