1886. KRON (9885).--A device for securing better circulation of the pulp, the stuff leaving the beater roll being divided into two streams which are brought together again in front of the roll. 1886. HORNE (10237).--A long rectangular vessel with a large beater roll at one end, contrived so as to force the pulp leaving the beater roll to pass down a partition separating it from the pulp going towards the beater roll. 1886. MACFARLANE (11084).--An engine fitted with two beater rolls which rotate in opposite directions, the stuff being mixed between them. 1887. NACKE (746).--A centrifugal circulating wheel rotating horizontally in the centre of the beating engine is used in combination with a parallel cutting disc. 1887. MARSHALL (1808).--A conical refiner having in addition at its large end a pair of grinding discs fitted with knives and rotating vertically. 1887. VOITH (6174).--An alteration to the covers of the beater rolls which prevent stuff from being carried round the cylinder, and cause it to pass over the backfall freely. 1890. HEMMER (17483).--A beating engine provided with a separate return channel for the pulp, the circulation through the channel being effected by a small centrifugal pump. 1890. A. E. REED (19107).--A beating engine in which the pulp discharged over the backfall is delivered to the front of the beater roll by a screw propeller. 1891. KARGER (11564).--A beater similar to the Umpherston, but provided with a circulating roll fitted with radial projections which delivers the stuff to the front of the beater roll. 1892. TAYLOR (7397).--A beating engine in which the beater roll operates in a closed chamber above the vat full of pulp, the stuff being continually circulated by a centrifugal pump which draws the stock from the bottom of the vat and delivers it to the beater roll. 1892. ANNANDALE (9173).--A conical-shaped beating engine with the beater roll rotating in a vertical position; the larger end of the cone being downwards. 1892. UMPHERSTON (15766).--An addition to the beating engine arranged so that two fixed bedplates are used instead of one. 1892. MILLER (15947).--A machine in which two fixed bedplates are used, one below the beater roll and one above, the engine being fitted with suitable baffle plates to ensure proper circulation. 1893. PEARSON AND BERTRAM (11956).--A special form of refining engine in which the pulp is subjected to the action of discs rotating vertically, the knives being arranged radially on the disc. 1893. CALDWELL (15332).--A rotary beating engine in which the beating surfaces admit of accurate adjustment. 1894. CORNETT (945).--An outlet is fixed to the beater roll casing close to the discharge from the bedplate, so that the roll is not impeded by the weight of the pulp, which is subsequently pumped to the front of the beater roll.