By the hinder pole, the Eumenes and the Odyneri tell us. The end of the
egg fastened to the wall of the cell was evidently the first to issue
from the oviduct, in view of the mother’s absolute need first to glue
the suspension-thread somewhere, before abandoning her egg to space. In
the ovarian tubes and in the oviduct, which are too narrow to allow of
an inversion, the anal pole therefore passes first. Pointing in the
same direction as the egg, the new-born grub will thus hang head
downwards, with its hinder end uppermost, at the end of its thread.
By the front pole, the Scoliæ, the Spheges and the Ammophilæ in their
turn reply, as do all the Hunting Wasps that fix the egg to some
portion of the victim. It is, indeed, always by the cephalic end that
the egg adheres to the prey, at a definite point selected by the
mother’s prudence; for the safety of the nurseling and the preservation
of the victuals demand that the first bites shall be taken here and
here only. For the same reasons as above, the extremity fastened to the
game has emerged into the light of day before the other.
Both these opposite testimonies are equally truthful. According as its
destiny is to be glued to the wall of the cell or to be kept away from
it on another support, the egg takes its plunge into life by the front
pole or the rear pole, which requires an inverse direction in the
ovaries and the oviduct. In this manner the new-born grub always has
its food under its mandibles; and its utter lack of experience does not
expose it to the danger of death from inanition in front of a heap of
provisions which its mouth would not yet be able to seek and find.
There is the problem. I beg and entreat the embryogenists to solve it,
without reference to preordination, with the sole aid of protoplastic
energy.
To know the Odynerus in the privacy of her home was not enough: the
thing was to see her also at work as a huntress. How does she capture
her game? How does she operate on it, in order to keep it fresh while
deprived of life and movement? What is her surgical method? As, for the
moment, I knew of no smallest colony of the Chrysomela’s persecutor in
my neighborhood, I put the matter to Claire. She was on the spot, in
daily contact with the Hen-house where the memorable events that form
the subject of this essay occurred; and—a most important circumstance—I
knew her to be both quick-witted and willing. She accepted the
burdensome task with enthusiasm. I, on my side, was, if possible, to
attempt certain observations with the captive insect. So as not to
influence each other in our appreciation of facts which, by their
rapidity, might leave room for doubt, we each agreed to keep our
results secret until we were both certain of our data.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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