The Mathematical Theory of RelativityEddington, Arthur Stanley, Sir
Science
The Mathematical Theory of Relativity
Eddington, Arthur Stanley, Sir
Relativity (Physics)
Hence interchanging $\nu$ and~$\sigma$, and subtracting, the complete expression is
\begin{multline*}
\Star{B}_{\mu\nu\sigma}^{\epsilon}
= B_{\mu\nu\sigma}^{\epsilon} + g_{\mu}^{\epsilon} \left(\frac{\dd\kappa_{\nu}}{\dd x_{\sigma}} - \frac{\dd\kappa_{\sigma}}{\dd x_{\nu}}\right)
+ (g_{\nu}^{\epsilon} \kappa_{\mu\sigma} - g_{\sigma}^{\epsilon} \kappa_{\mu\nu})
+ (g_{\mu\sigma} \kappa_{\nu}^{\epsilon} - g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\sigma}^{\epsilon}) \\
+ (g_{\nu}^{\epsilon} \kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\sigma} - g_{\sigma}^{\epsilon} \kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\nu})
+ (g_{\sigma}^{\epsilon} g_{\mu\nu} - g_{\nu}^{\epsilon} g_{\mu\sigma}) \kappa_{\alpha} \kappa^{\alpha}
+ (g_{\mu\sigma} \kappa_{\nu} - g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\sigma}) \kappa^{\epsilon}.
\Tag{(87.4)}
\end{multline*}
Next set $\epsilon = \sigma$. We obtain the contracted in-tensor
\begin{multline*}
\Star{G}_{\mu\nu} = G_{\mu\nu} - F_{\mu\nu}
+ (\kappa_{\mu\nu} - 4\kappa_{\mu\nu})
+ (\kappa_{\mu\nu} - g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\alpha}^{\alpha})
+ (\kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\nu} - 4\kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\nu}) \\
+ (4g_{\mu\nu} - g_{\mu\nu}) \kappa_{\alpha} \kappa^{\alpha}
+ (\kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\nu} - g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\alpha} \kappa^{\alpha}) \\
= G_{\mu\nu} - 2F_{\mu\nu} - (\kappa_{\mu\nu} + \kappa_{\nu\mu})
- g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\alpha}^{\alpha}
- 2\kappa_{\mu} \kappa_{\nu}
+ 2g_{\mu\nu} \kappa_{\alpha}^{\alpha}.\footnotemark
\Tag{(87.5)}
\end{multline*}
\PageSep{205}
Finally multiply by~$g^{\mu\nu}$. We obtain the co-invariant
\footnotetext{The unit of~$\kappa_{\mu}$ is arbitrary; and in the generalised theory in Part~II the $\kappa_{\mu}$ there employed
corresponds to twice the $\kappa_{\mu}$ of these formulae. This must be borne in mind in comparing, for
example, \Eq{(87.5)} and~\Eq{(94.3)}.}%
\[
\Star{G} = G - 6\kappa_{\alpha}^{\alpha} + 6\kappa_{\alpha} \kappa^{\alpha}.
\Tag{(87.6)}
\]
The multiplication by~$g^{\mu\nu}$ reintroduces the unit of gauge, so that $\Star{G}$~becomes
multiplied by~$\lambda^{-2}$ when the gauge is transformed.
If the suffix~$\epsilon$ is lowered in~\Eq{(87.4)} the only part of~$\Star{B}_{\mu\nu\sigma\epsilon}$ which is symmetrical
in $\mu$~and $\epsilon$ is $g_{\mu\nu} (\dd\kappa_{\nu}/\dd x_{\sigma} - \dd\kappa_{\sigma}/\dd x_{\nu}) = g_{\mu\epsilon} F_{\nu\sigma}$, which agrees with the
condition~\Item{(a)} of Weyl's geometry (\SecRef{84}).
\Section{88.}{The in-invariants of a region}
\index{In-invariants}%
There are no functions of the~$g_{\mu\nu}$ and~$\kappa_{\mu}$ at a point which are in-invariants;
but functions which are in-invariant-densities may be found as
follows---
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