Some seemed transported to a less definite but still happy region, which they vaguely indicated by saying they were in heaven; while others had still odder and warmer visions, which need not be particularized. For the purpose of obtaining information on all the points of this most interesting subject, we personally questioned all the patients in the London hospitals, who, at the period of our visits, still remained in the wards after the ether-operations. They were in all fifty-four, and the great majority had been the subjects of capital operations. They were unanimous in their expressions of delight and gratitude at having been relieved from their diseases without suffering. In listening to their reports, it was not always easy to remain unmoved under the influence of the conceptions thereby communicated, of the astonishing contrast between the actual physical condition of the mangled body in its apparent tortures on the operating table of a crowded theatre, and the really happy mental state of the patient at the time. This perfect freedom from pain is proved by every case wherein the vapor has been efficiently administered, although there are frequently the same cries uttered, and the same motions practised as when pain is experienced which proves that nothing is prevented but the mere _feeling_, which it can be of no use whatever for any one to suffer from. _Chloroform_ has been more recently introduced than ether, but has nevertheless been used quite as much, or probably more, and, in general, with still more success. It was first described, I believe, by Professor Simpson of Edinburgh, at a sitting of the medical society of that city, in November, 1847, and several cases were narrated, two of which I quote.