The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
History
The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
Maya language -- Glossaries, vocabularies, etc.; Maya language -- Texts; Mayas -- Antiquities; Mayas -- History
I confess that to me it has a suspiciously mythical aspect. It is too
similar to what I may call the standard hero-myth of the American
Aborigines. Everywhere, both in North and South America, we find the
myth of the four brothers who divided the land between them, one of whom
is superior to the others and becomes the ruler and instructor of the
ancestors of the nation. He does not die, but disappears, or goes to
heaven, and is often expected to return. Just so in one of the Maya
myths, Cuculcan did not return to Mexico, but rose to heaven, whence
once every year he descended to his temple at Mayapan and received the
gifts which from far and wide pious pilgrims had brought to his shrine
(Landa, _Relacion_, p. 302). All these myths relate to the worship of
the four cardinal points and to the Light-God, as I have shown in a
previous work (_The Myths of the New World_, chap. III. New York, 1876).
The proper names in the legend have nothing of a Nahuatl appearance.
They are all pure Maya. The "kinsman of Moctezuma," the second reading
of whose name is the correct one, is given as _tan u pol chicbul_, "in
front of the head of the jay-bird," the _chicbul_ being what the
Spaniards call the _mingo rey_, which I believe is a jay (Beltran, _Arte
del Idioma Maya_, p. 229). The other long name is a compound of _Zuhuy
kak camal cacal puc_. The historian Cogolludo informs us that _Zuhuy
Kak_, literally "virgin fire," was the daughter of a king, afterwards
deified as goddess of female infants (_Historia de Yucatan_, Lib. IV,
cap. VIII). _Camal_ was and is a common patronymic in Yucatan;
_cacalpuc_ means "mountain land,"[121-1] and thus the whole name is
easily identified as Maya. Possibly the member of the family Camal who
bore the name was a priest of the goddess.
It will be noticed that neither the legend nor the legal testimony
speaks of these foreigners as of a different language or lineage, but
leaves us to infer the contrary. Had they been of Aztec race it would
certainly have been noticed, for the Mayas had frequent mercantile
relations with these powerful neighbors, they borrowed many words from
the Nahuatl tongue, and single chiefs in Yucatan formed alliances with
the Aztec rulers, and introduced Aztec warriors even into Mayapan, as is
shown by the Chronicles I publish in this work, and also by the fact
that a small colony of Aztecs, descendants of these mercenaries, was
living in the province of Canul, west of Merida, when the Spaniards
conquered the country (Landa, _Relacion_, p. 54). Therefore the Aztecs
were no strangers to the Mayas, and doubtless the learned members of the
priesthood and nobles in the fifteenth century were quite well aware of
the existence of the powerful empire of Anahuac.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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