Most of the domestic pottery used was of a rather coarse hard red
ware. This comprises large amphora-like water jars, shallow dishes,
saucers, and bowls, used probably to hold food; cooking pots of various
sizes and shapes, chocolate pots with upright spouts, and disks for
baking tortillas. In addition to these, thick brittle vessels of very
coarse pottery, some of exceptionally large size, are found, which were
probably used as receptacles for corn, beans, pepper, and other light
dry substances. Of the finer kinds of pottery some are ornamented with
incised devices, executed after the vessels had been fired, others are
covered with devices in polychrome, and still others with ornaments
molded while the clay was plastic. Lastly, these three methods, or any
two of them, may be combined in the decoration of any one vessel.
The objects most frequently depicted on the vases are human heads,
simple glyphs, animal and mythological figures, and flowers. Most of
the vessels are polished, some of them to a high degree, but the art
of glazing does not seem to have been understood. The finer kinds of
pottery are thin, tough, light, and very hard. The appliqué work,
displayed best in incense burners, upon which the figure of the god
in high relief is built up bit by bit, is rather coarse, but in some
examples very effective. Stone implements and weapons of great variety
have been discovered, including ax, spear, javelin, and arrowheads,
knives, clubs, throwing stones, hammerstones, scrapers, chisels,
borers, paint and corn grinders, fiber cleaners, and many others.
Flint, chert, obsidian, greenstone, and limestone were the materials
most commonly used in the manufacture of implements and weapons. Very
remarkable eccentrically shaped objects, including crosses, crescents,
rings, and a variety of other forms, chipped with great care and
precision, from flint, chert, and obsidian, are also found, though not
in great numbers. They seem to be confined almost exclusively to this
part of the Maya area.
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
With the exception of clay whistles of from one to four notes, no
musical instruments have been found in the mounds, unless the hollow
cylinder (10-1/2 inches high by 4 inches in diameter) from Yalloch may
be regarded as a small hand drum similar to those mentioned by Landa
as having been in use at the time of the conquest,[15] and somewhat
resembling the clay jar with a piece of gibnut hide stretched over the
opening for a head, still in use as a drum among the Lacandones.[16]
The late Sir Alfred Moloney obtained in the village of Succots a
_tunkul_, or wooden drum, with two rubber-tipped drumsticks, which
had been brought by the Indians from Guatemala at the time of their
emigration from that country. This had been handed down from Alcalde to
Alcalde from time immemorial, and was used to summon the villagers on
special occasions, as a fire or the election of new Alcaldes.
FOOD
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