The staple article of diet among the ancient Maya seems to have been
maize, as it is at the present day among their descendants. Numbers
of rubbing-stones and rubbers, both broken and whole, are found in
the mounds, as are also the clay disks used for baking corn cakes.
The bones of various animals, which had probably been used for food,
are also found; among these are the peccary, gibnut, armadillo, puma,
tapir, and manatee, together with woula (snake), alligator, and (of
birds) the curassow and wild turkey. Shells of the conch, cockle,
oyster, and freshwater snail are also found in abundance. The Maya
probably kept small domestic animals and birds,[17] as great numbers of
rough stone troughs are found in the mounds, precisely similar to those
manufactured and used by the modern Maya Indians for watering their
fowls, while eggs, with turkeys and other birds, have been found, held
in the hands of figurines upon the incense burners, as offerings to the
gods. They seem to have made periodical expeditions to the cays and
islands off the coast to fish and collect shellfish, as quantities of
net-sinkers, flint chips, potsherds, and broken javelin heads are found
on many of the cays. But few mounds, however, which give evidence of
permanent human occupancy have been discovered in this situation.
SPINNING AND WEAVING
Judging by the great number of spindle-whorls found in the mounds and
on village sites, cotton spinning must have been practically universal
among the women. Oval perforated stones of a size suitable for loom
weights have been found, and it is probable that they were used as
such, as they do not seem to be adapted to any other purpose. With this
exception we learn nothing of the art of weaving from the contents of
the mounds. Henequen fiber was doubtless used for the manufacture of
rope, mats, hammocks, and other objects, as grooved flat stones for
beating the pulp from the fiber are common.
GAMES
The appliances for at least two distinct games have been found.[18]
The first consists of a large spherical block of limestone, nicely
polished, and about 1 foot in diameter, found associated with 6 to 12
smaller spherical stones, each about 3 inches in diameter, of very
light material somewhat resembling pumice stone. The second consists
of a number of small disks of shell, about three-fourths of an inch
in diameter. Collections of these have been found together on several
occasions; they might have been used as beads or ornaments but for
the fact that they are neither perforated nor decorated with incised
figures as shell beads usually are.
RELIGION
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