Merkel on male and female larynges, 90 ---- on pyramids and registers, 99 ---- on tension of ligaments, 67 Merkel's terms for registers, 90 Meyerbeer and the falsetto, 5 Midriff, 11 ---- described, 12 Mixed voice, defined, 119 Mouth, its part in singing, 59 ----, when to keep it shut, 29 Mozart studied voice before composing, 4 Mucous membrane, 61, 80 Mueller's experiments on larynges 7, 96 Muscles, back ring pyramid, 46, 48 ---- governing pitch, 113 ----, How to strengthen, 113 ----, ligament tension theory, 67 ----, Pyramid, 49 Muscles, Ring-shield, 41 ----, ----, how change registers, 97 ----, Shield-pyramid, 41 ----, Shield-pyramid, how change registers, 97 ----, Side ring-pyramid, 48 ----, Summary of uses of, 49 Nasal tone, various theories, 60 Nose cavities, 59 Nostrils best adapted for breathing, 27 Nourrit and Duprez, 5 Novello, Sabilla, how tone is produced, 39 Palate, Soft, exercising, 121 ----, ----, its movements, 59 Paris Conservatoire method of inspiration, 20 Pharynx, 58 Pitch, Mechanism affecting, 72 ----, Rise of, strains voice, 4 Pronunciation for Singers, Ellis's, 120 Pyramids, how act in registers, 99 ----, Levers of the, 36, 46 ----, side view, 37 ----, their shape and motion, 36, 82, 94 Register, Mechanism of thick, 94 ----, Thick, described, 94 ----, Thin, ", 98 Registers, Compass of the, 93 ----, Teachers' Manual on, 87 ----, definition, 86 ----, described by Mme. Seiler, 94 ----, distinguishing sex, 90 ----, Evil of straining, 101 ----, How ligaments act in, 86 ----, how small is formed, 101 ----, how upper thick formed, 95, 97 ----, Images of, 84, 85 ----, Laryngoscope and sub-division of, 91 ----, "Mixed voice", 118 ----, optional tones, 118 ----, places of break, 87, 96 ----, Straining of, 95 ----, Three female voice, 88 ----, to equalise, not expose, 116 ----, Two male voice, 138 ----, Upper and lower thick, 96 ----, ---- ---- ---- thin, 100 ----, what laryngoscope teaches, 104 Resonator changes by vowel, 70 ----, effect of formation, 58 ----, its parts, 9, 56 Respiration described, 13 Ribs, 11 Ring cartilage, 31, 32 Ring-shield muscles, 41, 70 Roger, the French tenor's style, 4, 6 Rossini on decline of vocal art, 2 Seiler, description of the registers, 92 ----, Madame, on "wedges", 54 ---- on action of vocal ligaments, 100 Shield and ring, Motion of, 34, 71 Shield cartilage, 34 Shield plates, 33, 71 Shield-pyramid muscles, 41 Singable music, 3 Singing _v._ speaking, 18 Snoring and keeping mouth open, 30 Sphincter muscle of the glottis, 44 Spirometer tests recommended, 19 Teaching, Hints on, 106 Tenors as teachers of female voice, 2 ----, Short vocal life of, 1 ---- sing octave lower than written, 87 Tobold, how tone is produced, 40 Tone, how produced, 56 ----, loudness, 56 ----, pitch, 56 ----, quality, 56 ----, Three ways of producing, 83