The Medals of Creation, Volumes 1 and 2: First Lessons in Geology and the Study of Organic RemainsMantell, Gideon Algernon
Science
The Medals of Creation, Volumes 1 and 2: First Lessons in Geology and the Study of Organic Remains
Mantell, Gideon Algernon
Geology -- England -- Guidebooks; Paleontology
The Encrinites of this genus have a light and elegant appearance: the
forms of the plates composing the pelvis, and of the ossicula of the
arms, are shown in _Lign. 92, fig. 2_; which represents a specimen of
_C. planus_, from the magnesian limestone of Somersetshire; a beautiful
example of the same species is figured in _Lign. 95_. The receptacle
resembles in shape a depressed vase; its upper part was probably
covered by a plated integument, having an aperture in the centre as in
the Actinocrinites. Cyathocrinites occur in the Silurian, Devonian, and
Carboniferous formations.[286]
[286] A figure of Cyathocrinus rugosus is given in Pict. Atlas, pl.
xlix. _fig._ 4. The same work contains coloured figures of Pentacrinus
scalaris (Goldfuss), pl. xlvii. figs. 57, 64, 66; Pentacrinus
basaltiformis, pl. xlvii. _fig._ 47.
A remarkable receptacle, with the tentacula partially introverted, is
figured Pict. Atlas, pl. xlvi. _fig._ 2, from Gloucestershire; and
several beautiful examples of the arms, tentacula, &c. of Pentacrinites
in Lias limestone and shale, in pl. li. figs. 9, 15, 16, and pl. lii.
figs. 1, 2, 3, from Charmouth.
Rhodocrinus. (_R. verus._ _Pict. Atlas_, pl. xlix. _fig._ 7, 8.)--A
beautiful form, allied to the Antinocrinoids, occurs in the palæozoic
rocks, and is named the Rose-encrinite by Miller. The column is
cylindrical and traversed by a pentagonal canal. The rays or arms
arise by a single ossicle and then bifurcate: the receptacle is
formed of three, five, ten, and more numerous series of plates, which
are ornamented externally. A fine example of a crinoid of this type
(_Hypanthocrinus_) from the Wenlock limestone, is figured in the London
Palæontological Journal, pl. xxi.
In Sir R. Murchison's Sil. Syst. all the crinoids of the Silurian
deposits, then known, are figured. Several new genera are described by
Professor McCoy, in the Synopsis of British Palæozoic Fossils.
Eugeniacrinus (_Clove-like Encrinite_). _Lign. 92, fig. 1._--These
little crinoids, which resemble a clove in form, are found at Mount
Randen, in Switzerland, in Oolitic limestone. The receptacle is simple
in structure, for it has but one series of plates; its cavity is very
small. It had five arms: the articulating surface of the ossicles is
radiated. When perfect this crinoidean must have somewhat resembled the
Lily Encrinite, but the plates are all anchylosed, or blended together,
which Mr. Miller attributed to an early stage of growth.
[Sidenote: PENTREMITES PYRIFORMIS.]
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