Odontopteris (_tooth-leaf_). _Lign. 24._--Leaf bipinnate, the leaflets adhering to the rachis or stalk by their whole base, which is not contracted; the veins equal, simple, dichotomous, arising side by side from the base of the leaflet; no distinct midrib. In their general aspect these plants resemble some South American species of Osmunda. Five species only are known, all of which belong to the most ancient coal strata. Anomopteris (_anomalous fern_--so named because the plants differ from all recent and fossil ferns). _Lign. 25._--Leaves deeply pinnated; leaflets very long, entire, linear, traversed by a distinct midrib, equal throughout; secondary veins simple, perpendicular to the median vein, swollen at their free extremities, and not extending to the margin of the leaflet. But one species is known. These leaves are of great size, and doubtless belonged to some arborescent fern; in several examples the fructification is preserved. My collection contained a splendid specimen from near Strasburgh, presented by the late M. Voltz, which is now in the British Museum.[85] [85] Petrifactions, p. 32. [Illustration: Lign. 25. Anomopteris Mougeotii; _nat._ _New Red Sandstone; Sultz-les-Bains, near Strasburgh._ Fig. 1.--Three leaflets of a very large frond. 2.--A portion magnified to show the fructification. ] [Sidenote: FOSSIL FERNS. TŒNIOPTERIS.] Tœniopteris (_wreathed fern_). _Lign. 26._--Leaves simple, entire, straight, with parallel margins, traversed by a strong midrib, which extends to the apex; secondary veins, simple or bifurcated at their base, and almost perpendicular to the median vein. These ferns are related to certain species of Polypodium. Three species are known; two from the Oolite, and one from a tertiary deposit. The specimen figured is a fragment. [Illustration: Lign. 26. Tœniopteris latifolia; _fragment of a frond; nat._ _Stonesfield Slate._] [Illustration: Lign. 27. Fig. 1.--Pecopteris Murrayana; a pinnule with the fructification; _magnified._ _Inf. Oolite, Scarborough._ 2.--Pecopteris lonchitica. _Coal-shale, France._ ] Pecopteris (_embroidered fern_). _Lign. 27._--Leaves once, twice, or thrice pinnated: leaflets adhering by their whole base to the rachis, rarely by the centre only; traversed by a strong midrib, which extends to the apex; veins simple, or once or twice dichotomous, proceeding almost at right angles from the median vein.