Charities -- Great Britain; Hospitals -- Great Britain; Hospitals, Medieval; Leprosy -- England
St. Saviour’s, Wells, was a contemporary foundation. Leland
remarks:—“The Hospitale and the Chapelle is buildid al in lenghth under
one Roofe.” This interesting old dwelling-place still exists, but has
lost its former character, as has also the Glastonbury almshouse for
men, of which a view and ground-plan are shown on Plate XI.
Slightly different again was the plan of a two-storied block, having
a chancel-like chapel with a roof of lower pitch. Sherborne almshouse
(Dorset) was built thus. It opens to both stories of the adjoining
domicile; this is done on the upper floor, by means of a gallery in
which the women sit during service.
Later, it was customary for the chapel to extend to the height of the
whole building under one roof, as at Browne’s hospital, Stamford. (Fig.
5.) Although the lofty chapel corresponded in height to both stories,
only the lower one—which in this case was the dormitory—communicated
with it. This block formed part of a suite ranging round a quadrangle.
A ground-plan and views of this imposing almshouse, with descriptions
of its architectural features, are found in Wright’s history. There is
a striking similarity of construction between it and [p116] Wigston’s
hospital, Leicester (figured by Nichols[79]). Both were good specimens
of the domestic Perpendicular style.
The earlier almshouse in Leicester, called the “Newark” (afterwards
known as Trinity) was a large building. Nichols’ view (1788)[80] shows
a range of dwellings below, others above with dormer windows in the
roof, clumsy chimneys, a bell-cote, and at one end a chancel-like
extension. There must originally have been extensive buildings to
accommodate the hundred poor. Leland says: “The large Almose House
stondith also withyn the Quadrante of the Area of the College”; and
of the church associated with it Camden says that “the greatest
ornament of Leicester was demolished when the religious houses were
granted to the king.” Bablake hospital, Coventry (_circa_ 1508), which
was somewhat similar to the Leicester almshouse, still exists. This
“Hospitall well builded for ten poore Folkes,” as Leland reports,
formed a simple parallelogram; below, ambulatory, hall, dining-room,
and kitchen; above, dormitories.
ii. HALL WITH DETACHED CHAPEL
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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