So the great _Summa theologiae_ of Thomas Aquinas adopts the same order
which the Lombard had followed. The _Pars prima_ begins with defining
_sacra doctrina_.[446] It then proceeds to consider God--whether He
exists; then treats of His _simplicitas_ and _perfectio_; next of His
attributes; His _bonitas_, _infinitas_, _immutabilitas_, _aeternitas_,
_unitas_; then of our knowledge of Him; then of His knowledge, and therein
of truth and falsity; thereupon are considered the divine will, love,
justice, and pity; the divine providence and predestination; the divine
power and beatitude.
All this pertains to the _unitas_ of the divine essence; and now Thomas
passes on to the _Trinitas personarum_, or the more distinctive portions
of Christian theology. He treats of the _processio_ and _relationes_ of
the _divinae Personae_, and then of themselves--Father, Son, Holy Spirit,
and then of their essential relationship and properties. Next he discusses
the _missio_ of the divine Persons, and the relations between God and His
Creation. First comes the consideration of the principle of creation, the
_processio creaturarum a Deo_, and of the nature of created things, with
some discussion of evil, whether it be a thing.
Among created beings, Thomas treats first of angels, and at great length;
then of the physical creation, in its order--the work of the six days, but
with no great detail. Then man, created of spiritual and corporeal
substance--his complex nature is to be analysed and fathomed to its
depths. Thomas discusses the union of the _anima ad corpus_; then the
powers of the anima, _in generali_ and _in speciali_--the intellectual
faculties, the appetites, the will and its freedom of choice; how the
_anima_ knows--the full Aristotelian theory of cognition is given. Next,
more specifically as to the creation of the soul and body of the first
man, and the nature of the image and similitude of God within him; then as
to man’s condition and faculties while in a state of innocence; also as to
Paradise.
This closes the treatment of the _creatio et distinctio rerum_; and Thomas
passes to their _gubernatio_, and the problem of how God conserves and
moves the corporeal and spiritual; then concerning the action of one
creature on another, and how the angels are ranged in hierarchies, and
although purely spiritual beings, minister to men and guard them; then
concerning the action of corporeal things, concerning fate, and the action
of men upon men.
Here ends _Pars prima_. The first section of the second part (_Prima
secundae_) begins. In a short Prologue Thomas says:
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