The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
History
The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)
Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
Drama, Medieval -- History and criticism; Theater -- History -- Medieval, 500-1500
Of the half dozen extant English moralities which can with any
plausibility be assigned to the fifteenth century, two are based upon
a motive akin to that of the Dance of Death. These are the fragmentary
_Pride of Life_, which is the earliest of the group, and _Everyman_,
which is by far the finest[444]. In the former Death and Life contend
for the soul of _Rex Vivus_, the representative of humanity, who is only
saved from the fiends by the intervention of the Virgin. In the latter,
God sends Death to summon Everyman, who finds to his dismay that of
all his earthly friends only Good Deeds is willing to accompany him.
The Conflict of Vice and Virtue is resumed in the moral of _Mundus et
Infans_ and in the three morals of the Macro manuscript, the _Castle of
Perseverance_, _Mind, Will and Understanding_, and _Mankind_. In all
four plays the representative of humanity, _Infans_ or _Humanum Genus_
or _Anima_ or Mankind, is beset by the compulsion or swayed this way and
that by the persuasion of allegorized good and bad qualities. At the end
of the _Castle of Perseverance_ the motive of the Reconciliation of the
Heavenly Virtues is introduced in a scene closely resembling that of the
_Ludus Coventriae_ or the earlier essays of Guillaume Herman and Stephen
Langton.
A somewhat unique position between miracle-play and morality is occupied
by the Mary Magdalen drama contained in the Digby manuscript. The
action of this, so far as it is scriptural or legendary, has already
been summarized[445]; but it must now be added that the episodes of
the secular life of the Magdalen _in gaudio_ are conceived in a wholly
allegorical vein. The ‘kyngs of the world and the flesch’ and the ‘prynse
of dylles’ are introduced with the seven deadly sins and a good and
a bad angel. The castle of Magdala, like the castle of Perseverance,
is besieged. The Magdalen is led into a tavern by _Luxuria_ and there
betrayed by Curiosity, a gallant. We have to do less with a mystery
beginning to show morality elements than with a deliberate combination
effected by a writer familiar with both forms of drama.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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