The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
History
The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)
Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
Drama, Medieval -- History and criticism; Theater -- History -- Medieval, 500-1500
The origin of the pageant is capable of a very easy explanation[403].
Like the _edifizio_ of the Italian _rappresentazioni_, it is simply
the raised _locus_, _sedes_, or _domus_ of the stationary play put upon
wheels. Just as the action of the stationary play took place partly on
the various _sedes_, partly in the _platea_, so Coventry actors come and
go to and from the pageant in the street. ‘Here Erode ragis in the pagond
& in the strete also,’ says a stage direction. It should be observed that
the plays at Coventry were exceptionally long, and that scaffolds seem to
have been attached to the pageant proper in order to get sufficient space.
The number of ‘stations’ at which the plays were given varied in the
different towns. At York there were from twelve to sixteen; at Beverley
six; at Coventry not more than three or four can be identified. The many
scenes and frequent repetitions naturally made the processional plays
very lengthy affairs. At Chester they were spread over three days; at
York they were got through in one, but playing began at half-past four
in the morning. At Newcastle, on the other hand, the plays were in the
afternoon. The banns of the _Ludus Coventriae_ promise a performance ‘at
vj of the belle,’ but whether in the morning or evening is not stated.
The normal occasion for the greater plays was the feast of Corpus
Christi on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday. A few exceptions are,
however, to be noted. At Chester, Norwich, New Romney, and apparently
Leicester, the date chosen was Whitsuntide. Yet at Chester the play is
called the ‘Corpus Christi play’ in craft documents of the fifteenth
century, and even in the municipal ‘White Book’ of the sixteenth; from
which it must be inferred either that the term was used of all cyclical
plays without regard to their date, or, more probably, that at Chester
a performance originally given on Corpus Christi day had been for some
reason transferred to Whitsuntide. The motive may have been a desire to
avoid clashing between the plays and the great Corpus Christi procession
in which the crafts everywhere took a prominent part. A difficulty arose
on this score at York in 1426, and a Franciscan preacher, one William
Melton, tried to induce the citizens to have the plays on the day before
Corpus Christi. Ultimately the alternative was adopted of having the
procession on the day after. At Lincoln the plays were on St. Anne’s
day (July 26) and the last pageant was acted by the clergy in the nave
of the cathedral. At Aberdeen there appear to have been two cycles, a
processional Nativity at Candlemas and a Haliblude play on Windmill Hill
at Corpus Christi.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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