The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
History
The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)
Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
Drama, Medieval -- History and criticism; Theater -- History -- Medieval, 500-1500
these archaeological _minutiae_. One point, however, seems to deserve
another word. Many writers have followed Warton in asserting that Adam
and Eve were represented on the stage in actual nakedness[410]. The
statement is chiefly based upon a too literal interpretation of the
stage directions of the Chester plays[411]. There is a fine _a priori_
improbability about it, and as a matter of fact there can be very little
doubt that the parts were played, as they would have been on any other
stage in any other period of the world’s history, except possibly at the
Roman _Floralia_[412], in fleshings. Jordan is quite explicit. Adam and
Eve are to be ‘aparlet in whytt lether,’ and although Jordan’s play is
a late one, I think it may be taken for granted that white leather was
sufficient to meet the exigencies even of mediaeval realism.
The accounts of miracle-plays frequently contain entries of payments for
providing copies of the text used. When the stock of the Chelmsford play
was dispersed in 1574, the copies were valued at £4. Such copies were
naturally of more than one kind. There was the authoritative text kept
for reference by the guild or other body of presenters. This is sometimes
called the ‘play-book’ or ‘game-book.’ The Cornish term is _ordinale_,
a derivative from the _ordo_ of the liturgical drama[413]. That in use
elsewhere is more commonly ‘original,’ which appears in a variety of
quaint spellings[414]. In the great towns where plays were given by the
crafts under the general supervision of the corporation, each craft held
the ‘original’ of its own play, but approved transcripts of these were
also in the hands of the corporation officers. At Chester this transcript
was itself called the ‘original’; at York it was the _registrum_.
Most of the extant manuscripts of plays appear to be of the nature of
‘originals.’ From York and probably from Wakefield we have _registra_.
The Chester texts are, however, late transcripts due to the zeal of
local antiquaries, perhaps in view of some frustrated revival. Specimens
exist also of two other kinds of copy. There are single plays from both
Chester and York which have all the appearance of having been folded up
for the pocket of a prompter. And the nature of the ‘parts’ prepared
for individual actors may be seen from the transition example edited by
Professor Skeat from a manuscript found at Shrewsbury. They contained the
actors’ own speeches, with the ‘cues’ or closing words of the preceding
speeches which signalled to him that his turn was at hand[415].
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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