The Medicine-Men of the Apache. (1892 N 09 / 1887-1888 (pages 443-604))Bourke, John Gregory
Religion
The Medicine-Men of the Apache. (1892 N 09 / 1887-1888 (pages 443-604))
Bourke, John Gregory
Apache Indians -- Medicine; Apache Indians -- Religion; Apache Indians -- Rites and ceremonies; Shamans -- New Mexico
I am unable to assert that hoddentin is used in any way at the birth
of a child; but I know that as late as 1886 there was not a babe upon
the San Carlos reservation, no matter how tender its age, that did not
have a small bag of hoddentin attached to its neck or dangling from
its cradle. Neither can I assert anything about its use at time of
marriage, because, among the Apache, marriage is by purchase, and
attended with little, if any, ceremony. But when an Apache girl
attains the age of puberty, among other ceremonies performed upon her,
they throw hoddentin to the sun and strew it about her and drop on her
head flour of the piñon, which flour is called by the Chiricahua
Apache "nostchi," and by the Sierra Blanca Apache "opé."[251]
"Upon attaining the age of puberty, girls fast one whole day, pray,
and throw hoddentin to the sun."[252] When an Apache dies, if a
medicine-man be near, hoddentin is sprinkled upon the corpse. The
Apache buried in the clefts of rocks, but the Apache-Mohave cremated.
"Before lighting the fire the medicine-men of the Apache-Mohave put
hoddentin on the dead person's breast in the form of a cross, on the
forehead, shoulders, and scattered a little about."[253]
The very first thing an Apache does in the morning is to blow a little
pinch of hoddentin to the dawn. The Apache worship both dawn and
darkness, as well as the sun, moon, and several of the planets.
"When the sun rises we cast a pinch of hoddentin toward him, and we
do the same thing to the moon, but not to the stars, saying
'Gun-ju-le, chigo-na-ay, si-chi-zi, gun-ju-le, inzayu, ijanale,'
meaning 'Be good, O Sun, be good.' 'Dawn, long time let me live'; or,
'Don't let me die for a long time,' and at night, 'Gun-ju-le,
chil-jilt, si-chi-zi, gun-ju-le, inzayu, ijanale,' meaning 'Be good, O
Night; Twilight, be good; do not let me die.'" "In going on a hunt an
Apache throws hoddentin and says 'Gun-ju-le, chigo-na-ay, cha-ut-si,
ping, kladitza,' meaning 'Be good, O Sun, make me succeed deer to
kill.'"[254]
The name of the full moon in the Apache language is "klego-na-ay," but
the crescent moon is called "tzontzose" and hoddentin is always
offered to it.[255]
"Hoddentin is thrown to the sun, moon (at times), the morning star,
and occasionally to the wagon."[256] "The Apache offer much hoddentin
to 'Na-u-kuzze,' the Great Bear."[257] "Our custom is to throw a very
small pinch of hoddentin at dawn to the rising sun."[258] "The women
of the Chiricahua throw no hoddentin to the moon, but pray to it,
saying: 'Gun-ju-le, klego-na-ay,' (be good, O Moon)."[259]
When the Apache plant corn the medicine-men bury eagle-plume sticks in
the fields, scatter hoddentin, and sing. When the corn is partially
grown they scatter pinches of hoddentin over it.[260]
The "eagle-plume sticks" mentioned in the preceding paragraph suggests
the "ke-thawn" mentioned by Matthews in "The Mountain Chant."[261]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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