[504] The original thirteen United States, in the order of their ratification of the National Constitution, were Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island. The eleven others, completing the twenty-four existing at the time at which Chateaubriand was writing, were Vermont (detached from New York, 1791), Tennessee (detached from North Carolina, 1796), Kentucky (detached from Virginia, 1796), Ohio (created, 1802), Louisiana (purchased from France in 1803 and raised into a State in 1812), Indiana (created, 1816), Mississippi (separated from Georgia, 1817), Illinois (created, 1818), Alabama (detached from Georgia, 1819), Maine (detached from Massachusetts, 1820), and Missouri (detached from Louisiana, 1821).--T. [505] The western portion of Louisiana was ceded to Spain in 1763, but restored to the French in 1800. In 1803 Bonaparte, despairing of being able to hold it against the English, sold it to the United States for 80,000,000 francs.--T. [506] Charles I., King of France and Emperor of the West (742-814), known as Charlemagne, had been dead for more than six centuries when this experiment was made.--T. [507] Lord François Nathaniel Conyngham (1797-1876), second son of the first Marquess Conyngham, and first groom of the Bedchamber and Master of the Robes to George IV. He succeeded to the Marquisate in 1832.--T. [508] Elizabeth Marchioness Conyngham (1769-1861), _née_ Dennison, married in 1794 to the third Lord Conyngham, Lord Steward of the Household to George IV., and created successively Viscount Conyngham, Earl of Conyngham, and Marquess Conyngham by that monarch. She was George IV.'s mistress, and presented a complete contrast to Mila in other respects than age alone.--T. [509] William Bartram (1739-1823), an American traveller and naturalist, author of _Travels through North and South Carolina, East and West Florida, the Cherokee country_, &c.--T. [510] The ruins of Mitla and Palenque in Mexico prove today that the New World rivals the Old in antiquity.--_Author's Note_ (Paris, 1834). [511] _Arbor tristis_, the nyctanthes or night-jasmine.--T. [512] I have quoted it in my Travels.--_Author's Note_ (Geneva, 1832). The story of _Tabamica_ is told in the _Voyage en Amérique_, where it is called the Song of the Pale-face.--B. [513] The Spanish capital of Florida.--T. [514] I omit a quotation from Camoëns.--T. [515] I omit a quotation from Ronsard.--T. [516] Mary Stuart (1542-1 £87), Queen of Scots, was married in 1558 to the Dauphin of France, who in 1559 became king, with the title of Francis II. She was left a widow eighteen months after marriage, in the seventeenth year of her age.--T. [517] François II., King of France (1544-1560).--T. [518] _Cf._ ROUSSEAU, _La Nouvelle Héloïse._--T. [519] "Like a young bee which among the roses toils, My muse returned to me all laden with rich spoils."--T.