[466] The Abbé Joseph Faria (_circa_ 1755-1819), a native of Goa, and a famous magnetizer. He plays an important part in _Monte Cristo_, in which Dumas makes him die at the Château d'If. He died, in fact, in Paris.--B. [467] Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828), a German doctor (naturalized a Frenchman in 1819) who invented the science of craniology, now known as phrenology.--T. [468] _Mon portrait historique et philosophique_, M. de Saint-Martin's posthumous work, printed in a very much mutilated and incomplete form.--B. [469] The Polytechnic School was installed at the time at the Palais-Bourbon, and removed to the building of the former Collège de Navarre in 1804.--B. [470] Henri François Marquis de Saint-Lambert (1717-1803), author of a poem, the _Saisons_, which secured his admission to the French Academy (1770), and of several philosophical works of a pronounced materialistic tendency.--T. [471] Élisabeth Françoise Sophie Comtesse de Houdetot (1730-1813), _née_ de La Live de Bellegarde. She married Lieutenant-General the Comte de Houdetot in 1748. She was the author of a few _Pensées_, but owes her reputation rather to the lively passion with which she inspired Rousseau and to her liaison with Saint-Lambert, which lasted nearly half a century.--T. [472] "Woe be unto him to whom Heaven grants long days!"--T. [473] "And love consoles me still! But nought will e'er console me for love's loss."--T. [474] Friedrich Melchior Baron Grimm (1723-1807), the friend of Rousseau and Diderot, created a baron by the Duke of Saxe-Gotha, whom he represented at the French Court from 1776-1790. In 1795 the Empress Catherine II. made him her minister in Lower Saxony. His diverting correspondence with both potentates was published in 1812-1813.--T. [475] Pierre Simon Ballanche (1778-1847) started life as a printer at Lyons, where he published the second and third editions of the _Génie du Christianisme._ He began to devote himself to literature in 1813, wrote several notable works of Christian philosophy, and became elected a member of the French Academy in 1844.--T. [476] The article on the _Législation primitive_ appeared in the _Mercure_ of the 18 Nivôse Year XI. (8 January 1803).--B. [477] The Celestines were suppressed in 1778. They were founded in 1244 by Pietro di Murrhone, the hermit Pope, who was elected to the Holy See in 1294, when nearly eighty years of age, and assumed the title of Celestine V. He was canonized in 1313.--T. [478] René I. Duke of Anjou, titular King of Naples (1408-1480), known as Good King René, and father of Margaret of Anjou, wife of Henry VI. of England.--T. [479] I omit two or three pages devoted mainly to quotations from Petrarch.--T. [480] A terrible revolutionary massacre took place at Avignon in 1791.--T. [481] Petrarch immortalized the source of the Sorgue, which rises near Vaucluse, and is known as the Fountain of Vaucluse.--T.