[261] Charles V. Emperor of Germany, King of Spain and of the Two Sicilies (1500-1558), born at Ghent, son of the Archduke Philip of Austria and of Joan, heiress of Castile, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella. He was proclaimed King of Spain in 1516, during his mother's life-time, and elected to the Empire three years later. Charles V. abdicated in 1556, two years before his death.--T. [262] The other ministers were: M. Louis, Finance; the Duc de Feltre, War; M. Beugnot, Navy; M. Dambray, Chancellor of France; M. de Jaucourt, Foreign Affairs _ad interim_, the Prince de Talleyrand being in Vienna. M. de Blacas was Minister of the King's Household. M. de Lally-Tolendal was _ad interim_ Minister of Public Instruction.--B. [263] Bernadotte and Henry IV. were both born at Pau.--T. [264] Thomas Arthur Comte de Lally, Baron Tolendal in Ireland (1702-1766), after contributing to the victory of Fontenoy (1745), was in 1756 appointed Governor of the French possessions in India and drove the English from the Coromandel Coast. He failed, however, before Madras, was himself besieged in Pondichéry, and obliged to surrender with a garrison of 700 men: he had resisted for several months against an army of 22,000 men and a fleet of 14 ships (1761). Nevertheless, he was accused of betraying the King's interests, sent to the Bastille and, after eighteen months' imprisonment and an informal trial, sentenced to death. He was executed on the 9th of May 1766. Voltaire published an eloquent _factum_ in the condemned man's favour and, in 1778, Louis XVI., at the instance of Lally's son, the Marquis de Lally-Tolendal mentioned above, had the iniquitous verdict revised. The sentence was unanimously quashed by a new set of judges, and Lally's memory entirely rehabilitated.--T. [265] Marie Madeleine Comtesse de La Fayette (1634-1693), _née_ Pioche de La Vergne, daughter of the Governor of the Havre, and the intimate friend of La Rochefoucauld. She made a name in letters by her novels, _Zaïde_ the _Princesse de Clèves_, etc., and also wrote an _Histoire et Henriette d'Angleterre._--T. [266] Madame La Duchesse de Rauzan.--_Author's Note._ [267] The Duc de Bellune remained absolutely faithful to the Elder Branch after the usurpation of 1830.--T. [268] Julie Maréchale Duchesse de Bellune, _née_ Vosch van Avesaat, married to the Maréchal Duc de Bellune in 1801. He had previously divorced his first wife, _née_ Muguet, to whom he had been married in 1791.--T. [269] Vincent Marie Viennot, Comte de Vaublanc (1756-1845), an eager supporter of the Royalist cause and Minister of the Interior from September 1815 to May 1816. He published some political works, a few indifferent tragedies and an epic poem, the _Dernier des Césars_ (1836).--T.