[Footnote 535: Caterina Sforza (_d._ 1460), natural daughter of Galeazzo Maria Sforza, and widow of Girolamo Riario, Lord of Imola and Forli, sustained a siege at Forli against Cæsar Borgia, and was captured in the breach with her son Ottaviano. Louis XII. caused her to be set at liberty. She had taken a Medici for her second husband, and died at Florence.--T.] [Footnote 536: _Inferno_, Canto VII. 75.--B.] [Footnote 537: Annibale della Genga, Pope Leo XII. (1760-1829), elected to the Papacy in 1823.--T.] [Footnote 538: Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, Roman Emperor (_circa_ 53-117), succeeded the Emperor Nerva in 98. The Arch of Trajan was erected at Ancona in 112; it is of white marble, stands at the end of the break-water, and is perhaps the best-proportioned of all the Roman triumphal arches.--T.] [Footnote 539: Donato d'Agnolo Bramante (1444-1514), the celebrated Italian architect and predecessor of Michael Angelo.--T.] [Footnote 540: The Chiesa della Santa Casa, which contains the famous pilgrimage shrine of the veritable House of Our Lady, transported by angels from Nazareth and miraculously set down in Italy on the 10th of December 1294.--T.] [Footnote 541: Léonore de Montaigne, later Vicomtesse de Gamaches. The reference occurs in Montaigne's _Journey into Italy._--T.] [Footnote 542: The Treaty of Tolentino was signed on the 19th of February 1797, between General Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII.--T.] [Footnote 543: The Battle of Lake Trasimenus (217 B.C.) at which Hannibal routed the Romans. Fifteen thousand of the latter were killed or driven into the lake and drowned; six thousand were taken prisoners; and ten thousand saved themselves by dispersion and flight.--T.] [Footnote 544: Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665), the French historical and landscape painter.--T.] [Footnote 545: _Cf._ LORD BYRON, _Childe Harold's Pilgrimage_, Canto IV., stanzas 66 _et seq._--T.] [Footnote 546: Leo XII. was born at Genga, near Spoleto, in 1766.--T.] [Footnote 547: Spoleto repulsed the victorious enemy after the Battle of Trasimenus in 217 B.C.--T.] [Footnote 548: Fra Filippo Lippi (_circa_ 1402-1469) was placed by his aunt in a Carmelite convent. He left it when about twenty and, during an excursion at sea, was taken captive by some Moorish pirates. He purchased his liberty by drawing a full-length portrait of his master in charcoal on a white wall. He died at Spoleto, said to have been poisoned, on the 9th of October 1469.--T.] [Footnote 549: Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (1547-1616), the author of _Don Quixote de la Mancha_, was captured on returning to Spain, four years after the Battle of Lepanto, in 1575, and passed five years in captivity in Algiers. He was ransomed by his family and religious charity in 1580.--T.] [Footnote 550: Lucrezia Buti sat to Filippo Lippi for the Madonna at Prato, where he was painting an altar-piece for the nuns of Santa Margherita. He became enamoured of her, and finally ran off with her.--T.]