[Footnote 34: _Lambeaux_, rags; _lambels_, labels.--_Author's Note._] [Footnote 35: Jacques Davy, Cardinal Duperron (1556-1618), Bishop of Evreux, later Archbishop of Sens. Himself a convert from Calvinism, Duperron was largely instrumental in converting Henry IV. to Catholicism.--T.] [Footnote 36: Henry VIII. King of England (1491-1547) procured the title of Defender of the Faith from Pope Leo X. in 1521, and severed his connection with the Faith in 1534. His successors have since continued heretical to the Faith of which they continue to style themselves the Defenders.--T.] [Footnote 37: Donna Olimpia Pamfili (1594-1656), _née_ Maldachini, sister-in-law of Innocent X., under whose pontificate she wielded great influence and amassed immense wealth. Alexander VII. ordered her to retire to Orvieto, there to await the result of an inquiry into the origin of her fortune (1655); but she died of the plague before the end of the inquiry.--B.] [Footnote 38: Giovanni Battista Pamfili, later Pope Innocent X. (1572-1655), elected Pope in 1644.--T.] [Footnote 39: Fabio Chigi, later Pope Alexander VII. (1599-1667), elected Pope in 1655. It was during his pontificate that Christina Queen of Sweden was converted to Catholicism.--T.] [Footnote 40: Lorenzo Corsini, later Pope Clement XII. (1652-1740), elected Pope in 1730.--T.] [Footnote 41: Prospero Lambertini, later Pope Benedict XIV. (1675-1758), elected to the Papacy in 1740.--T.] [Footnote 42: Letter to the Abbé Cortois de Quincey from Rome, 1740.--T.] [Footnote 43: Bernardo Gaetano Cardinal Guadagni (1674--_post_ 1733), Bishop of Arezzo (1724), and a nephew of Clement XII., who created him a cardinal in 1731. Guadagni became Vicar-General of Rome in 1732.--T.] [Footnote 44: Pietro Cardinal Ottoboni (1668-1740), nephew to Pope Alexander VIII., and created a cardinal at the age of 22, in 1690.--T.] [Footnote 45: Giulio Cardinal Alberoni (1664-1752) had been Prime Minister of Spain (1715-1719), thanks to the influence of Elizabeth Farnese, whose marriage to Philip V. he had brought about while in Madrid as Resident of the Duke of Parma at the Spanish Court. He was subsequently disgraced and imprisoned in a convent by order of Innocent XIII.; but, in 1723, he was reinstated in his rights as a cardinal, and remained in favour with the Court of Rome till his death in 1752.--T.] [Footnote 46: Anton Rodolf Count Apponyi (1782-1852), Austrian Ambassador successively to Florence, Rome, London and Paris.--T.] [Footnote 47: Giovanni Battista Cardinal Bussi, created a cardinal by Leo XII. in 1824.--B.] [Footnote 48: Vincento Cardinal Macchi (1770-1860), Archbishop of Nisibis, appointed Nuncio to Switzerland, to Paris (1819), and a cardinal (1826).--B.]