The Mercantile MarineChatterton, E. Keble (Edward Keble)
History
The Mercantile Marine
Chatterton, E. Keble (Edward Keble)
Merchant marine -- Great Britain -- History; Merchant marine -- History
But the year 1838 was to be remarkable in the story of the Atlantic,
for on April 4 there started from Cork the 703-ton paddler _Sirius_,
which reached New York on April 22. She had steamed all the way, but
it had been a near thing, for her fuel gave out and she had even to
burn some of her spars. At one stage of the voyage her captain had
to quell a mutiny, for the crew began to assume that the ship would
never get across. Twelve hours after her arrival came into New York the
four-masted paddler _Great Western_, which had left Bristol on April 7.
She was a much larger ship, of 1321 gross tons, and had been specially
designed by that engineering genius Brunel to withstand Atlantic
weather. On the return voyage she took fifteen days, and _Sirius_
seventeen. _Great Western_ was a most successful ship, both technically
and commercially. At the end of the first year she earned a dividend of
9 per cent., thirty-five guineas being the fare, and she carried 152
passengers. She was not broken up until 1847.
So far no steamer had crossed from Liverpool to New York, though the
sailing ships were still doing the voyage in about three weeks, but in
1838 a second _Royal William_ accomplished this. She was hardly the
kind of paddler to choose for Atlantic work, and had really been built
for the Liverpool-Kingstown route. Built and engined at Liverpool,
being 3 feet shorter but 2 feet wider than _Sirius_, she was thus
the first of those steamers to maintain the communication between
Liverpool and New York, which has meant so much to the mutual commerce
and development of ideas in the two countries. On April 2, 1839, the
three-masted paddler _British Queen_ left Portsmouth and reached New
York on April 16, or three days quicker than the first _Royal William_
had done the journey in the opposite direction under sail and steam.
Encouraged by the success of _Sirius_, which had been chartered
because the _British Queen_ was not yet ready, the British Queen Steam
Navigation Company had also built the sister ship _President_, 1863
tons and 700 horse-power; but after sailing from New York on March 11,
1841, with a few passengers, _President_ was never heard of again, and
thus the company came to an end.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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