[73] Usually known as the Ta-pa ling; but Baron von Richthofen found that the natives of that region “call those mountains the Kiu-tiao shan, that is the ‘nine mountain ridges,’ designating therewith the fact that the range is made up of a number of parallel ridges. This name should be retained in preference to the other.” _Letter on the Provinces of Chihlí, Shansí, Shensí_, etc. Shanghai, 1872. See also his _China_, Band II. S. 563-576; Alex. Wylie, _Notes of a Journey from Chingtoo to Hankow_, _Journ. Roy. Geog. Soc._ Vol. XIV., p. 168. [74] See Kreitner, _Im fernen Osten_, p. 504. Wien, 1881. [75] Prejevalsky’s _Travels in Mongolia_, Vol. II., pp. 256-266. [76] _Dip. Cor._, 1874, p. 251. [77] That this insurrection was not unprecedented we learn from a notice of a similar Mohammedan revolt here in 1784. _Nouvelles Lettres Edifiantes des Missions de la Chine_, Tome II., p. 23. [78] Yule’s _Marco Polo_, Vol. II., p. 23. [79] _Chinese Repository_, Vol. XIX., pp. 317 and 394. _Annales de la Foi_, Tome III., pp. 369-381, and Tome IV., pp. 409-415. _Letter_ by Baron Richthofen _on the Provinces of Chihlí, Shansí, Shensí, Sz’chuen_, etc. Shanghai, 1872. Kreitner, _Im fernen Osten_, pp. 780-829. [80] French bishop Palafox gives still another account of the capture of Canton; his statement contains, however, one or two glaring errors. Vid. _Histoire de la Conquête de la Chine par les Tartares_, pp. 150 ff. [81] Dr. Kerr, _Canton Guide_. [82] _Chinese Repository_, Vol. II., pp. 145, 191, &c. [83] This word is derived from the Chinese _hong_ or _hang_, meaning a row or series, and is applied to warehouses because these consist of a succession of rooms. The foreign factories were built in this manner, and therefore the Chinese called each block a hong; the old security-merchants were dubbed _hong-merchants_, because they lived in such establishments. [84] _Chinese Repository_, passim. _An Historical Sketch of the Portuguese Settlements in China._ By Sir A. Ljungstedt. Boston, 1836. [85] Palafox, _Conquête de la Chine_, p. 172. [86] _Embassy_ (of Lord Amherst) _to China_, Moxon’s ed., 1840, p. 98. [87] E. C. Taintor, _Geographical Sketch of the Island of Haïnan_, with map. Canton, 1868. _Journal N. C. Br. R. A. S._, No. VII., Arts. I., II., and III. _China Review_, Vols. I., p. 124, and II., p. 332. N. B. Dennys, _Report on the newly-opened ports of Kiungchow (Hoihau) in Hainan, and Haiphong in Tonquin_. Hongkong, 1878. [88] _Chinese Repository_, Vol. XIV., pp. 171 ff. [89] _Chinese Repository_, Vol. I., p. 29; Vol. XIV., pp. 105-117; G. T. Lay, _Chinese as They Are_, p. 316; _Journal of N. C. Branch of Royal Asiatic Society_, No. III., 1859, and No. VI., 1869. _Chinese Recorder_, Vols. II., p. 265, and III., pp. 33, 74, 96, 134 and 147. _Peking Gazette_ for 1872. _China Review_, Vol. V., p. 92.