The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its InhabitantsWilliams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
History
The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its Inhabitants
Williams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
China
There is comparatively little agriculture. The variety of wild animals,
birds, and fishes, is very great; among them the musk deer, feline
animals, eagles, and wild sheep, are objects of the chase. The brute
creation are generally clothed with an abundance of fine hair or wool;
even the horses have a shaggier coat than is granted to bears in more
genial climes. The Tibetan mastiff is one of the largest and fiercest
of its race, almost untamable, and unknown out of its native country.
The musk deer is clothed with a thick covering of hair two or three
inches long, standing erect over the whole body; the animal resembles
a hog in size and form, having, however, slender legs. The Tibetan
goat affords the shawl wool, so highly prized for the manufacture of
garments.[140]
Fruits are common; small peaches, grapes, apples, and nuts, constitute
the limited variety. Barley is raised more than any other grain, the
principal part of agricultural labors being performed by the women.
Pulse and wheat are cultivated, but no rice west of H’lassa. Rhubarb,
asafœtida, ginger, madder, and safflower are collected or prepared,
but most of the medicines come from China and Butan. Turnips, rape,
garlic, onions, and melons are raised in small quantities. The mineral
productions are exceedingly rich. Gold occurs in mines and placer
diggings, and forms a constant article of export; lead, silver,
copper, and cinnabar are also dug out of the ground, but iron has not
been found to much extent. The great difficulty in the way of the
inhabitants availing themselves of their metallic wealth, apart from
their ignorance of the best modes of mining, is the want of fuel with
which to smelt the ore. Tincal, or crude borax, is gathered on the
borders of a small lake in the neighborhood of Tengkiri-nor, where also
any quantity of rock salt can be obtained. Precious stones are met
with, most of which find their way to China.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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