The mighty deep : $b and what we know of itGiberne, Agnes
Science
The mighty deep : $b and what we know of it
Giberne, Agnes
Marine biology; Nature study
The Black Swallower, most appropriately named, manages, at least now
and then, to accomplish the rare feat of swallowing a morsel many times
larger than itself. It is a fish of slender make; but after such a meal
the slenderness disappears.
It seizes upon a fish, perhaps six or eight times as large as its
own body, and “_gradually climbs over it with its jaws_”--a truly
marvellous exploit! Its mouth and stomach stretch elastically during
this process, till the whole of the large fish has passed inside the
little fish, and a vast pouch hangs below, filled with the meal just
taken. This bag is the distended stomach.
But the tale carries its own moral. The greediness of the fish--and
apparently it is a case of individual greediness, though it springs
from a family tendency--is punished as it deserves by death. As the
swallowed “mouthful” decomposes, it loads the bag with gases, like an
inflated balloon; and like a balloon the stomach acts, bearing the
unhappy victim to the sea-surface, where it floats wrong way up. A
sufficiently tragic ending!
A stout-built animal is the Wolf-fish, varying in length from three
to seven feet; and in his ways a veritable “wild beast,” powerful and
savage, with strong jaws, teeth fashioned like those of a tiger, a
vicious temper, and a ferocious scowl. An abnormal appetite too is his,
though hardly equal to that of the Black Swallower. In Maine these
brutes have been known to attack fiercely human beings wading in the
sea at low tide.
Sometimes the above is called also the “Sea Cat-fish;” but true
Cat-fishes belong to quite another family; and they can hardly
be described as more desirable acquaintances. With their solemn
Grimalkin-like expression, their love of fighting, their sharp serrated
spines, with which they can give most painful wounds, the Cat of the
Ocean is not likely to be transformed into a domestic pet, for at least
some time to come.
These two last quarrelsome creatures may lead us from “interesting”
specimens of Fish-life to those which have been roughly classed above
as “Fishes of Prey.”
Prominent among the latter stands the dreaded Shark. In common parlance
we speak of a shark as a fish. Yet scientifically the description is
incorrect. Sharks and Skates are now looked upon as apart from Fishes
proper, being described rather as “Fish-like Vertebrates,”--not true
fishes.
One very marked difference is found in the numbers of their young.
With true fishes, as already shown, eggs are produced in enormous
quantities. But with sharks and skates, only one or two or at most
a very few young ones are brought into existence at a time, as with
higher animals.
If among wild beasts of the Ocean cuttlefishes represent tigers, then
perhaps we may say that sharks represent lions or panthers. But the
reputed nobility of the lion is never found in sharks.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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