The mind of primitive man : $b A course of lectures delivered before the Lowell Institute, Boston, Mass., and the National University of Mexico, 1910-1911Boas, Franz
Science
The mind of primitive man : $b A course of lectures delivered before the Lowell Institute, Boston, Mass., and the National University of Mexico, 1910-1911
Boas, Franz
Ethnopsychology; Race
This has occurred particularly in regard to language and racial types.
Indeed, the opinion is still held by some investigators that linguistic
relationships and racial relationships are in a way interchangeable
terms. An example illustrating this point of view may be seen in the
long-continued discussions of the home of the “Aryan race,” in which the
blond northwest European type is identified with the ancient people
among whom the Indo-European or Aryan languages developed.
If it could be shown that distinct languages belong to distinct racial
types, and that these languages exhibit different levels of development
or indicate different types of thought, we should have gained a sound
basis which would allow us to discuss the genius of each people as
reflected in its language. If, furthermore, we could show that certain
cultural types belong to certain races and are foreign to the genius of
others, our conclusions would be founded on much firmer ground.
Thus we are led to a consideration of the all-important question whether
types, languages, and cultures are so intimately connected that each
human race is characterized by a certain combination of physical type,
language, and culture.
It is obvious, that, if this correlation should exist in a strict sense,
attempts to classify mankind from any one of the three points of view
would necessarily lead to the same results; in other words, each point
of view could be used independently or in combination with the other
ones, to study the relations between the different groups of mankind. As
a matter of fact, attempts of this kind have often been made. A number
of classifications of the races of man are based wholly on anatomical
characteristics, yet often combined with geographical considerations;
others are based on the discussion of a combination of anatomical and
cultural traits which are considered as characteristic of certain groups
of mankind; while still others are based primarily on the study of the
languages spoken by people representing a certain anatomical type.
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