Memory in the Elephant. So far as memory may be regarded as an index of an animal's mental capacity, the weight of evidence is most convincingly creditable to the elephant. As a test of memory in an animal, we hold that a trained performance surpasses all others. During the past forty years millions of people have witnessed in either Barnum's or Ringling Brothers' shows, or in the two combined, an imitation military drill performed by from twelve to twenty elephants which in animals of any other species would be considered a remarkable performance. The following were the commands given by one trainer, understood and remembered by each elephant, and executed without any visible hesitation or mistake. These we will call the Accomplishments of Performing Elephants. 1. Fall in line. 2. Roll-call. (As each elephant's name is called, he takes his place in the ranks). 3. Present arms. (The trunk is uplifted, with its tip curved forward and held in that position for a short time.) 4. Forward, march. 5. File left, march. 6. Right about face, march. 7. Left about face, march. 8. Right by twos, march. 9. Double quick, march. 10. Single file, march. 11. File right. 12. Halt. 13. Ground arms. (All lie down, and lie motionless.) 14. Attention (All arise.) 15. Shoulder arms. (All stand up on their hind-legs.) In all, fifteen commands were obeyed by the whole company of elephants. It being impossible, or at least impracticable, to supply so large a number of animals with furniture and stage properties for a further universal performance, certain individuals were supplied with the proper articles when necessary for a continuation of the performance, as follows: 16. Ringing bells. 17. Climbing up a step-ladder. 18. Going lame in a fore leg. 19. Going lame in a hind leg. 20. Stepping up on a tub turned bottom up. [Illustration with caption: TAME ELEPHANTS ASSISTING IN TYING A WILD CAPTIVE The captive elephant is marked "C." The tame elephants have been quietly massed around him to keep him still and to give the noosers a chance to work at his legs from under the bodies of the tame elephants. The black figures on the tame elephants are their mahouts, wrapped in blankets and lying down. (From A. G. R. Theobald, Mysore)] 21. Standing on a tub on right legs only. 22. The same, on opposite legs. 23. The same, on the fore legs only. 24. The same, on the hind legs only. 25. Using a fan. 26. Turning a hand-organ. 27. Using a handkerchief to wipe the eyes. 28. Sitting in a chair. 29. Kneeling, with the fore legs. 30. Kneeling with the hind legs. 31. Walking astride a man lying lengthwise. 32. Stepping over a man lying down. 33. Forming a pyramid of elephants, by using tubs of various sizes.