Great Britain -- History -- Henry III, 1216-1272; Henry III, King of England, 1207-1272
By 1170 William had acquired such a reputation that he was chosen
by Henry II not only to be a member of the household of the “young
King”--Henry’s eldest son--but was specially appointed to watch over
and direct the lad’s military training.[333] Three years later {1173}
young Henry himself, when offered knighthood at the hands of some of
the noblest and most illustrious among the chivalry of France, declared
that he would receive it only from “the best knight that ever was or
will be,” and handed his sword to William the Marshal.[334] After
nearly twelve years of close companionship {1182} slanderous tongues
parted William from the young King, shortly before the latter’s final
revolt against his father.[335] The slander was, however, detected
and William was recalled[336] in time to watch over his young lord’s
death-bed {1183} and receive his dying charge to fulfil in his stead a
vow which he had made of pilgrimage to the Holy Land.[337] On William’s
return to Europe, early in 1187, Henry II took him into his own service
as a knight of his household;[338] and thenceforth till the hour of
Henry’s death he was the King’s best counsellor and closest friend.[339]
[Sidenote: 1189]
The first act of Henry’s successor was to confirm a grant which Henry
had promised to William, of the hand of the greatest heiress in his
realm, Isabel de Clare.[340] Her heritage included the English earldom
of Pembroke or Striguil, the Norman barony of Longueville, and a fief
in Ireland comprising nearly the whole of the ancient kingdom of
Leinster. William’s marriage suddenly raised him from the position
of a portionless younger son, “without a furrow of land, and with no
fortune but his knighthood,” to that of a magnate of high rank, great
wealth, and considerable territorial importance, and thus gave him,
as a matter of course, a permanent and definite place in the royal
council; but he showed no disposition to take a prominent part in
politics. As one of the subordinate justiciars appointed by Richard
to assist in the government of the realm during the King’s absence on
Crusade, he at first supported John against William of Longchamp, and
afterwards, when John’s treason was made manifest, supported the new
justiciar, Walter of Coutances, against John. After Richard’s return
William was almost constantly with him in Normandy, taking his full
share in the warfare with Philip Augustus which occupied the last five
years of Richard’s life; but his share was that of a devoted follower
and a brave knight, not of a great noble holding an independent
command. It was only at Cœur-de-Lion’s death {1199} that William the
Marshal came to the front of affairs. The dying King had appointed him
constable of the castle of Rouen, which contained the ducal treasure;
it was he who won for Richard’s chosen successor, John, the support of
the Norman primate, and thus largely contributed to secure for John
acceptance in Normandy as duke.[341] The FitzGilbert patrimony had come
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