The modern packing house : $b A complete treatise on the design, construction, equipment and operation of meat packing houses, according to present American praactice, including methods of converting by-products into commercial articlesWilder, F. W. (Fred William)
History
The modern packing house : $b A complete treatise on the design, construction, equipment and operation of meat packing houses, according to present American praactice, including methods of converting by-products into commercial articles
Wilder, F. W. (Fred William)
Packing-houses
=Shrinkage in Chill Rooms.=--The question is often raised as to how
much hogs shrink in the cooler from dressed warm weight to chilled
weight, and many people figure this shrinkage represents a loss. It
is a variable quantity depending upon conditions such as the dryness
of the hogs, the quantity of the air circulation, its temperature and
other agents. If the hogs be sold whole plant weights it represents a
loss, but no cooler can be controlled to prevent shrinkage if it be
working properly. Aside from this quite a proportion of the hog is
passed to curing rooms for treatment in salt or pickle and the original
inherent moisture is hardly a traceable factor here and also the
shrinkage in that portion rendered into lard is immaterial, while the
portion shipped as fresh pork must be well dried out to arrive in good
condition upon shipment.
The following figures give an idea of the actual shrinkage of hogs
placed directly in the coolers. It will be noted the tests were made
on light hogs used for shipping purposes. The percentage of shrinkage
would not be as great on heavier carcasses:
=TEST NO. 1 ON SHRINKAGE OF HOGS IN COOLER.=
=Forty-five hogs weighed in cooler direct from killing floor--Warm
weight, 6,892 pounds; average, 153 pounds; temperature of cooler, 51°
to 48° F.=
=Weight after hanging in cooler forty-eight hours, 6,682 pounds;
shrinkage of 210 pounds or 3.04 per cent; temperature of cooler, 35°
to 36° F.=
=Weight after hanging cooler seventy-two hours, 6,570 pounds;
shrinkage of 322 pounds or 4.67 per cent; temperature of cooler, 31°
to 32° F.=
=Weight after hanging in cooler ninety-four and one-half hours, 6,552
pounds; shrinkage of 340 pounds or 4.93 per cent; temperature of
cooler, 32° F.=
=TEST NO. 2.=
=Forty-five hogs weighed into cooler direct from killing floor--Warm
weight, 6,970 pounds; average, 155 pounds; temperature of cooler, 54°
F.=
=Weight after hanging in cooler forty-six hours, 6,660 pounds;
shrinkage of 310 pounds or 4.45 per cent; temperature of cooler, 36°
F.=
=Weight after hanging in cooler seventy-two hours, 6,623 pounds;
shrinkage, 347 pounds or 4.97 per cent; temperature of cooler, 32° F.=
=Weight after hanging in cooler ninety-four hours, 6,613 pounds;
shrinkage, 357 pounds or 5.12 per cent; temperature or cooler, 32° F.=
=Hog By-Products.=--These consist of the heads, plucks and entrails,
and so much ingenuity is being used to make commercial products
thereof, that nearly as much labor is expended upon these parts as upon
the dressing of the hog.
=Heads.=--The heads are best made free from hair before severing from
the carcass. If the loose hair is properly removed before the head is
dropped, there is far less likelihood of hair coming in contact with
cheek meat and tongues, from which parts it is difficult to hand pick.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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