=Lard Packages.=--In wooden packages tare is deducted. The table on preceding page shows the actual weight of the different packages which are usually made from an X L grade of tin. Inasmuch as lard sells at more per pound than the tin costs, there is always an endeavor to get the packages as heavy as consistent. =Country Style Lard.=--Many moderate sized plants that do not cater to a trade accustomed to highly refined lard, prefer to make kettle rendered lard as most of their output, using leaf, back fat and trimmings, adding the complimentary proportion of killing lard and agitating the whole in a water jacketed agitator. All implements used are similar to those described previously, also the method of drawing from the agitator to packages is the same. Beef fat can be rendered in the same way when oleo departments are not operated, and it can thus be used to good advantage. =Compound--What it is.=--Compound is a substitute for lard and is made of cotton seed oil and oleo stearine, or tallow, or both. The formula on this article varies according to the relative values of the ingredients. The generally accepted formula is 80 per cent cotton seed oil, and 20 per cent oleo stearine. If the market price of oleo stearine is high, a formula may be substituted as follows: 75 per cent cotton seed oil, 7¹⁄₂ percent tallow, 17¹⁄₂ per cent oleo stearine. In cold weather even a smaller amount of stearine may be used and a proportionately larger amount of tallow. =Cottonseed Oil.=--This is a product derived from cotton seed. Before the manufacture of cotton seed oil, the cotton seed, removed from the cotton, was thrown in large compost heaps and after decomposition, was used sparingly as a fertilizer. An idea of its value may be gained from the following table. From one ton of seed, by average, is obtained: 270 pounds or 36 gallons of oil at 28c per gallon $10.08 750 pounds cotton seed meal at 90c per 100 pounds 6.75 850 pounds hulls at 15c per 100 pounds 1.27 30 pounds lint at 3¹⁄₂c 1.05 ------ Total value $19.15 100 pounds waste and dirt. The oil when extracted from the seed is termed “crude oil.” In refining this oil the loss varies from 7 per cent to 12 per cent, on an average about 9¹⁄₄ per cent.