France -- Civilization; France -- Politics and government; France -- Social life and customs -- 19th century
XII, and XIII, and against the laggards of that of year IV, of which
134 men yet remain to be supplied."--(Bouches-du-Rhône.) "50 deserter
sailors and 84 deserters or conscripts of different classes have been
arrested."--(Dordogne.) "Out of 1353 conscripts, 134 have failed to
reach their destination; 124 refractory or deserters from the country
and 41 others have been arrested; 81 conscripts have surrendered as a
result of placing a garrison amongst them; 186 have not surrendered.
Out of 892 conscripts of the year XIV on the march, 101 deserted on the
road."--(Gard.) "76 refractory or deserters arrested."--(Landes.) "Out
of 406 men who left, 51 deserted on the way," etc.--This repugnance
becomes more and more aggravated. (Cf. analogous reports of 1812 and
1813, F7, 3018 and 3019, in "Journal d'un bourgeois d'Evreux," p. 150 to
214, and "Histoire de 1814," by Henry Houssaye, p.8 to 24.)]
[Footnote 3266: Law of Fructidor, year VI.]
[Footnote 3267: Decree of July 29, 1811 (on the exemption of pupils in
the École Normale).--Decree of March 30, 1810, title II., articles 2,
4, 5, 6 (on the police and system of the École Normale).--Decree on the
organization of the University, titles 6 and 13, March 7, 1808.]
[Footnote 3268: Law of Ventôse 17, year VIII, title III., articles I and
13.--Law of Fructidor 8, year XIII, articles 50, 54, and 55.]
[Footnote 3269: Law of Fructidor 8, year XIII, article 51]
[Footnote 3270: Law of Ventôse 17, year VIII, title 3, article I.]
[Footnote 3271: Thibaudeau, p. 108. (Speech of the First Consul before
the Council of State.) "Art, science and the professions must be thought
of. We are not Spartans.... As to substitution, it must be allowed. In a
nation where fortunes are equal each individual should serve personally;
but, with a people whose existence depends on the inequality of
fortunes, the rich must be allowed the right of substitution; only we
must take care that the substitutes be good, and that conscripts
pay some of the money serving to defray the expense of a part of the
equipment of the army of reserve."]
[Footnote 3272: Pelet de La Lozère, 228.]
[Footnote 3273: Archives nationales, F7, 3014. (Reports of prefects,
1806.) Average price of a substitute: Basses Alpes, from 2,000 to 2,500
francs; Bouches-du-Rhône, from 1,800 to 3,000; Dordogne, 2,400; Gard,
3,000; Gers, 4,000; Haute-Garonne, from 2,000 to 3,000; Hérault, 4,000;
Vaucluse, 2,500; Landes, 4,000. Average rate of interest (Ardèche):
"Money, which was from 11/4 to 11/2 %, has declined; it is now at 3 1/4
% a month or 10 % per annum."--(Basses Alpes): "The rate of money has
varied in commerce from 1 to 3/4 % per month."--(Gard): "Interest is at
1 % a month in commerce; proprietors can readily borrow at 9 or 10 %
per annum."--(Hérault): "The interest on money is 1 1/4 % per
month."--(Vaucluse): "Money is from 3/4 to 11/4 % per month."]
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