France -- Civilization; France -- Politics and government; France -- Social life and customs -- 19th century
[Footnote 6121: Ibid., III., 42.--At Sainte-Barbe, before 1808, there
were various sports favoring agility and flexibility of the body,
such as running races, etc. All that is suppressed by the imperial
University; it does not admit that anything can be done better or
otherwise than by itself.]
[Footnote 6122: Decree of March 17, 1808, article 38. Among "the bases
of teaching," the legislator prescribes "obedience to the statutes the
object of which is the uniformity of instruction."]
[Footnote 6123: Quicherat, III., 128.]
[Footnote 6124: "The Modern Régime," I., 164.]
[Footnote 6125: See, for a comprehension of the full effect of this
forced education, "Les Mécontens" by Mérimée, the rôle of Lieutenant
Marquis Edward de Naugis.]
[Footnote 6126: "Recueil," by A. de Beauchamp; Report by Fourcroy, April
20, 1802: "The populations which have become united with France
and which, speaking a different language and accustomed to foreign
institutions, need to abandon old habits and refashion themselves on
those of their new country, cannot find at home the essential means for
giving their sons the instruction, the manners and the character which
should amalgamate them with Frenchmen. What destiny could be more
advantageous for them and, at the same time, what a resource for the
government, which desires nothing so much as to attach new citizens to
France!"]
[Footnote 6127: "Journal d'un déténu de 1807 à 1814" (I vol., 1828, in
English), p.167. (An account given by Charles Choderlos de Laclos, who
was then at La Flèche.]
[Footnote 6128: Pelet de la Lozère, ibid., pp.162, 163.167. (Speeches by
Napoleon to the Council of State, sessions of Feb. 10, March 1, 11 and
20, April 7, and May 21 and 29, 1806.)]
[Footnote 6129: Napoleon himself said this: "I want a corporation, not
of Jesuits whose sovereign is in Rome, but Jesuits who have no
other ambition but to be useful and no other interest but the public
interest."]
[Footnote 6130: This intention is formally expressed in the law. (Decree
of March 17, 1808, art. 30.) "Immediately after the formation of
the imperial university, the order of rank shall be followed in the
appointment of functionaries, and no one can be assigned a place who has
not passed through the lowest. The situations will then afford a career
which offers to knowledge and good behavior the hope of reaching the
highest position in the imperial university."]
[Footnote 6131: Pelet de la Lozère, ibid.]
[Footnote 6132: "Procès-verbaux des séances du conseil de l'Université."
(In manuscript.) Memoir of February 1, 1811, on the means for developing
the spirit of the corporation in the University. In this memoir,
communicated to the Emperor, the above motive is alleged.]
[Footnote 6133: Pelet de la Lozère.]
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