its kind--was opened to prepare girls for entrance to the universities (_Abiturientenexamen_). Admission to the boys' high schools was refused to girls in Vienna, but was granted in the provinces (Troppau, and Mährisch-Schönberg). Girls were at all times admitted as outsiders (_Extraneae_) to the examinations held on leaving college (_Abiturientenexamen_). In this way many girls passed the "leaving" examination before they began their studies in Switzerland. Until 1896 the Austrian universities remained closed to women. The law faculties do not as yet admit women. The women's clubs are striving to secure this reform. Those women that had studied medicine in Switzerland previous to 1896, and wished to practice in Austria, required special imperial permission, which was never withheld from them in their noble struggle. In this way Dr. Kerschbaumer began her practice as an oculist in Salzburg. However, the Countess Possanner, M.D., after passing the Swiss state examination, also took the Austrian examination. She is now practicing in Vienna. As the Austrian doctors have active and passive suffrage in the election to the Board of Physicians (_Ärztekammer_)[72] Dr. Possanner also requested this right. Her request was refused by the magistrate in Vienna because, _as a woman_, she did not have the suffrage in municipal elections, and the suffrage for the Board of Physicians could be exercised only by those doctors that were municipal electors.[73] Thereupon Dr. Possanner appealed her case to the government, to the Minister of the Interior, and finally to the administrative court. The court decided in favor of the petition. It must be emphasized, however, that the Board of Physicians favored the request from the beginning.