In 1281 Dmitri’s brother, Andrei, conspired against him, and going to
the Horde obtained, through bribes and flattery, the title of Grand
Prince. Troops were sent from Sarai, and dependent princes were ordered
to join their forces to Andrei’s and march against Dmitri, but they
refused. Because of this refusal, Andrei’s own warriors lost courage
and deserted him, and he fled. The Mongols, meanwhile, ravaged Murom
and many large towns. Pereyaslavl resisted and received dire
punishment. It was sacked and most of the people were slaughtered.
Andrei now went to Sarai a second time and brought an army against
Dmitri, who fled to Pskoff, and the Mongols seated Andrei on the throne
of Vladimir. Again Russian towns were pillaged. Suzdal and Moscow
suffered greatly, churches were sacked and precious vessels broken. If
people resisted they were slaughtered. Dmitri, driven from Vladimir,
wished to return to Pereyaslavl, his capital, but he was attacked by
Andrei and fled to Tver, where Michael made peace between the brothers,
and Dmitri, after struggling for three years to hold his own, promised
to abdicate all claim to the Grand Principality. Shortly after this he
fell ill and died (1294).
During all these troubled years Moscow had been slowly gaining power
and influence. Daniel, called by the people, who loved his peaceful and
gentle life, “Holy Daniel,” was the first Prince of Moscow, the first
real heir to it, and he became the founder of the Moscow line of
princes, as well as the founder of the city’s greatness. Nevski’s
youngest son received the smallest portion, but, though no one could
even dream of it in Daniel’s day, it was to excel in glory and
importance every other capital in Russia. Vladimir, Kief and Novgorod
all paled before Moscow. After Daniel had united to his capital places
on the border and had acquired Pereyaslavl, his portion, by its size
and good order, surpassed every other. He was not Grand Prince; the
glory of his name, which was to be handed down from generation to
generation, was not in a resounding title, or in mighty deeds. His
entire reign passed in comparative peace, but to him specially fell the
honor of maintaining the illustrious memory of his ancestors, so that
they might be renowned among Russians till the remotest generation. The
glory of his name is connected forever with Moscow. While his brothers
were struggling with one another and with their uncle for the Grand
Principality of Vladimir and the title, not one of them left a
permanent inheritance to their children, not one of them became famous.
Daniel, called simply “the Moscow prince,” collected an entire
principality around his inconsiderable town, and amassed such an
inheritance for his descendants that not only his grandchildren and his
great-grandchildren, but his own children were called Princes of All
Russia.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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