Mr. Francis W. Newman, who began the study of Political Economy seventy years ago, when he was sixteen, gives in this article his views on the evils of land tenure in England. Mrs. Franklin thinks “the subjective feeling of worth and dignity” which distinguishes the people of this country will be injured by “giving fees to our inferiors when they perform some service for which they are (or ought to be) otherwise well paid.” That the matter is not “absolute ethics” is apparent from the fact that in Japan a totally different sentiment prevails. The editor, Prof. Josiah Royce (under the signature of J. R.) in commenting on Mrs. Franklin’s communication after referring to the evils of the German custom of Trinkgeld as detailed by v. Ihering, says that if it harms the manhood of our writers to “tip” them the mischief should be met by organised devices such as v. Ihering proposes, and not by individual action. (Philadelphia: _International Journal of Ethics_, 1602 Chestnut Street.) Ω. REVUE PHILOSOPHIQUE. CONTENTS: June, 1891. No. 186. LES RESULTATS DES THEORIES CONTEMPORAINES SUR L’ASSOCIATION DES IDEES. By _B. Bourdon_. COMMENT LA SENSATION DEVIENT IDEE. By _J. Payot_. NOTES ET DISCUSSIONS. QU’EST-CE QUE LA PHYSIOLOGIE GENERALE? By _Durand_ (_de Gros_). CONTENTS: July, 1891. No. 187. LA NOTION DE LIMITE EN MATHEMATIQUES. By _G. Milhaud_. COUP D’OEIL SUR L’HISTOIRE DE LA PHILOSOPHIE EN RUSSIE (I). By _F. Lannes_. LES SOURCES DE LA PHILOSOPHIE DE L’INDE. By _P. Regnaud_. M. Bourdon reviews the modes of association proposed by various psychologists, and the factors which intervene to give force to associations. Wundt alone; among psychologists has the great merit of not placing ideas and sensations in actual opposition. The laws of ideology are almost the same as those of physics; and the law of association ought to be true not only for ideas, but for sensations and for objects. M. Bourdon’s conclusion is that the theory of the association of ideas has hitherto been treated from a too subjective and idealistic point of view. He would substitute for the theory of _association_ of idea a theory of a _society_ of phenomena, which conception he thinks better explains the process.