The Monist, Vol. 3, 1892-1893 : $b A quarterly magazineVarious
Philosophy
The Monist, Vol. 3, 1892-1893 : $b A quarterly magazine
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
It may be that you will not only agree with all I have said, but have
already said much of it yourself. But there are some passages in your
_Fundamental Problems_ which seem to imply otherwise. I think the great
objection I have to urge against Kant, and also perhaps against you, is
that you do not distinguish as clearly as I could wish between symbolic
argument and real, though subjective, knowledge. And the only way to
distinguish between them is by inquiring into the definitions of the
terms.
For example, on p. 165 of _Fundamental Problems_ you say that to
four-dimensional beings Kepler’s third law “would most probably appear as
‘the cubes of their times of revolution being proportional to their mean
distances to the fourth power.’”
Now what sort of assertion do you take Kepler’s law to be? Originally
it was a purely empirical law obtained by pure induction. If the
four-dimensional people obtained their law the same way why should
the result appear different to them? Or do you conceive the law to be
deduced from Newton’s theory of gravitation? But even so the law of the
inverse square was obtained empirically. If you think that law can be
explained (as the analogous law for the distribution of light can) by the
supposition that the integral of the force over all points at a given
distance from the origin is constant, still this supposition is purely
gratuitous unless established by induction from experience. If you grant
any one of these suppositions you can by symbolic argument obtain the law
corresponding to Kepler’s for a four-dimensional space. But I may mention
that in no case does the result you anticipate come out. On the first
two suppositions the law would be unaltered. On the last supposition the
law of gravity would be changed to the inverse cube; but after that the
solution of the problem has nothing to do with four dimensions—it is
a two-dimensional problem only. The result is that in general planets
could not move in closed orbits at all. They might conceivably revolve in
circles, but such a condition would be unstable, and if it obtained their
periodic times would vary as the squares of their distances.
Again you say (p. 74) “the doctrine of the ‘conservation of matter
and energy,’ although it has been discovered with the assistance of
experience, can be proved in its full scope by pure reason alone.”
I should very much like to see your proof (which I cannot find in
_Fundamental Problems_). How do you define the terms of the doctrine?
Do you deduce the proof from these definitions—that is do you make it a
truism? Or do you base it upon subjective axioms as I do my geometry? Or
if you base it on objective facts, how do you prove those facts by pure
reason alone? And if it is purely a subjective proof, how, can you say
the doctrine is proved “in its full scope”? Surely objective applications
come within its scope?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account