The Monist, Vol. 3, 1892-1893 : $b A quarterly magazineVarious
Philosophy
The Monist, Vol. 3, 1892-1893 : $b A quarterly magazine
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
VORLESUNGEN ÜBER DIE MENSCHEN- UND THIERSEELE. By _Wilhelm Wundt_. Zweite
umgearbeitete Auflage. Hamburg and Leipsic: Leopold Voss. 1892.
The new edition of Wundt’s _Menschen- und Thierseele_ is one of the
best existing general introductions to psychology. It preserves nearly
the just mean between the purely introspective and abstract treatment
and the substitution of physiology for psychology with which recent
treatises have familiarised us. The author has completely rewritten
the edition of 1863, which he regards as a youthful indiscretion
(_Jugendsünde_)—retaining only such chapters as could be brought into
harmony with his maturer views and with the developed science of
psycho-physics that has taken the place of the _Zukunftsprogramm_ of
thirty years ago. He has wisely omitted all the superficial and diffuse
chapters on comparative psychology and ethnology which cumbered the
original work; has silently ignored the fantastic speculations as to
the identity of electricity and nerve-force (one of the worst of the
aforesaid youthful sins); and practically abandoned (perhaps as too
esoteric for popular exposition) the elaborate reduction of sensations
and perceptions to unconscious judgments and inferences.
The first thirteen or fourteen chapters offer a very clear and
interesting résumé of the chief doctrines of the _Physiologische
Psychologie_ in regard to sensations generally, their measurements and
qualities, Weber’s and Fechner’s laws, the special sensations of color,
hearing, and the muscular sense, and the problem of space perception.
Following the plan of the original work in these chapters, the author
aims less at completeness of statement than to present clearly the
distinctive doctrines of modern psychology. In the treatment of certain
themes, e. g. Fechner’s law, and the perception of space, he neglects,
for the sake of clearness, qualifications of detail which the special
student must look for in the larger work. The last sixteen chapters deal
with the feelings, the will, consciousness, attention, association and
apperception, conception, abnormal and animal psychology and instinct,
concluding with two notable lectures on the “Freedom of the Will” and
the “Immortality of the Soul.” It is to these chapters that we must look
for Wundt’s general psychological and philosophical system. Profiting
by recent criticisms he has here set forth his characteristic doctrines
in so clear and definite a final statement that further misconception
of them is hardly permissible. The remainder of this notice will be
devoted to what is perhaps the most interesting question thus suggested:
Wundt’s relation to the associationist psychology of Spencer on the one
side, and to the younger German school of experimental psychologists
on the other. Wundt ignores the Spencerian form of the associationist
psychology, and the young psychologists do injustice to Wundt, neither
side apparently condescending to read with attention the writings of
the other.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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