[167] I have already alluded to the classification adopted by Mr. Latham, the great ethnographer, which, though different in the designations, is precisely similar to that of Mr. Gobineau. Hamilton Smith also comes to the conclusion that, "as there are only three varieties who attain the typical standard, we have in them the foundation of that number being exclusively aboriginal." He therefore divides the races of men into three classes, which he calls "typical forms," and which nearly correspond to Mr. Gobineau's and Mr. Latham's "primary varieties." But, notwithstanding this weight of authorities against me, I cannot entirely agree as to the correctness of this classification. Fewer objections seem to me to lie against that proposed by Van Amringe, which I recommend to the consideration of the reader, and, though perhaps out of place in a mere foot-note, subjoin at full length. It must be remembered that the author of this system, though he uses the word species to distinguish the various groups, is one of the advocates for _unity of origin_. (The words _Japhetic_ and _Shemitic_ are also employed in a sense somewhat different from that which common usage has assigned them.) THE SHEMITIC SPECIES. _Psychical or Spiritual Character_, viz:-- All the Physical Attributes developed harmoniously.--Warlike, but not cruel, or destructive. _Temperament._--Strenuous. _Physical Character_, viz:-- A high degree of sensibility; fair complexion; copious, soft, flowing hair, often curled, or waving; ample beard; small, oval, perpendicular face, with features very distinct; expanded forehead; large and elevated cranium; narrow elevated nose, distinct from the other features; small mouth, and thin lips; chin, round, full, and somewhat prominent, generally equal with the lips. VARIETIES. The Israelites, Greeks, Romans, Teutones, Sclavons, Celts, &c., and many sub-varieties. THE JAPHETIC SPECIES. _Psychical or Spiritual Character_, viz: Attributes unequally developed. Moderately mental--originative, inventive, but not speculative. Not warlike, but destructive. _Temperament._--Passive. _Physical Character_, viz:-- Medium sensibility; olive yellow complexion; hair thin, coarse, and black; little or no beard; broad, flattened, and triangular face; high, pyramidal, and square-shaped skull; forehead small and low; wide and small nose, particularly broad at the root; linear and highly arched eyebrows; very oblique eyes, broad, irregular, and half-closed, the upper eyelid extending a little beyond the lower; thick lips. VARIETIES. The Chinese, Mongolians, Japanese, Chin Indians, &c., and probably the Esquimaux, Toltecs, Aztecs, Peruvians. THE ISHMAELITIC SPECIES.