2. _This class is generally, indeed we may say, universally, crystalline in its structure._ Each integrant particle is not a _perfect crystal_; but throughout the mass there is a partial crystallization, such as would be the result of an effort to crystallize perfectly, under a great pressure; in which case the particles would mutually interfere with each other. The very fact of this crystallization implies _first_; a prevailing state of _unagitated solution_ of the crystallizing materials: _secondly_: that their crystallization was the effect of _chemical action_. 3. _The primitive rocks contain no fragments, either angular, or rounded by attrition, imbedded in them_; simply because no rocks preceded them, and of course could not be broken up. It is, however, to be carefully observed, that perfect crystals of different kinds are found imbedded in primitive rocks. When they prevail to a great extent they constitute _porphyritic rocks_. It is evident that these crystals must have been formed before the consolidation of the including rock, and must have been suspended in the solution which formed the rock upon crystallization. 4. _The primitive rocks contain no traces of organized bodies._ This is an universal characteristic, and proves incontestibly that they were formed _previous to the existence of organized beings_. 5. _The primitive rocks are usually inclined at a high angle to the horizon, and frequently are vertical._ This seems to be the result of crystallization, as mechanical deposition would place them _horizontally_, having the general bearing of the curve of the earth. 6. The principal primitive rocks are granite, gneiss, and mica slate. They are composed of the same materials, in different proportions; viz; feldspar, quartz, and mica. These three minerals constitute granite, when feldspar is the _base_, and the quartz is embedded in a crystalline state, and the mica interspersed generally. They constitute gneiss, when the feldspar _decreases_, and the mica _increases_, and is arranged in layers. They compose mica slate, when the feldspar almost _disappears_, and the mica and quartz are intimately united.