The ordinary form of this moth is shown on Plate 103, Figs. 6[male], 7[female]. The species varies greatly in the amount of dark mottling and clouding on the fore wings; sometimes this is much reduced, and the pale grey ground colour is then clearly seen; more often these wings are entirely clouded over with blackish or sooty brown, leaving only the white bracket-like mark above the inner margin, and the submarginal cross line, distinctly visible (var. _salicis_, Curtis). The moth flies in June and July, and sometimes in August and September. The hairy caterpillar, which is somewhat humped on rings four and eleven, is figured in Plate 102, Fig. 1. It is dark brownish grey, marked on the back with a central series of black patches in which are reddish spots, and a row of white spots on each side; below the white spiracles is a yellowish wavy line with reddish warts upon it. Various low-growing plants, such as plantain, dock, sorrel, and also hawthorn, sallow, and bramble, afford it nourishment, and it is found in July, August, and September. Generally distributed throughout England and Wales, its range extending into Scotland as far north as Morayshire; also in Ireland. The var. _salicis_ occurs northwards from Shropshire through northern England into Scotland, but is perhaps most common in Ireland. THE CORONET (_Craniophora ligustri_). This is also the Crown Moth of Moses Harris, both English names referring to a fancied resemblance of the whitish or pale greyish mark, just beyond the reniform stigma, to a crown or coronet (Plate 103, Fig. 5). The greenish or brownish-olive fore wings are subject to modification in the depth of tint; sometimes they are blackish in tone--var. _nigra_, Tutt, or dark olive-green--var. _olivacea_, Tutt. In both of these named forms the whitish markings are obscured, and in this respect they seem to be about identical with var. _sundevalli_, Lampa. [Illustration] Pl. 104. 1, 3. ARCHER'S DART. 4, 6. TURNIP MOTH. 2, 5. SHUTTLE-SHAPED DART. 7, 8. DARK SWORD GRASS. 9, 10. PEARLY UNDERWING. [Illustration] Pl. 105. 1, 2. CRESCENT DART. 3, 4. HEART AND DART, _males_. 5, 6. HEART AND DART, _females_. 7, 8. HEART AND CLUB. 9, 10. LIGHT FEATHERED RUSTIC. {199} The caterpillar is bluish green above, and yellowish green below; a slender whitish line along the middle of the back, and a yellowish line on each side; the spiracles are reddish, and the raised spots, from each of which a single black hair arises, are black. It feeds in August and September on ash, and less frequently, perhaps, on privet. It is stated to eat hazel and alder, also. The moth flies in June and July, and its occurrence in any locality depends largely upon the presence of ash. Widely distributed throughout England, Wales, and Scotland to Ross-shire. In Ireland it has only been noted from a few localities in Co. Galway. POWDERED WAINSCOT (_Simyra_ (_Arsilonche_) _albovenosa_).