In the typical form this species (Plate 145, Figs. 3, 4) the fore wings are whitish on the basal half, and incline to reddish on the outer half; var. _rufescens_, Tutt, has these wings reddish all over, but somewhat darker on the outer margin. The caterpillar is ochreous white with a slightly paler stripe along the back, edged on each side with purplish; the spots are black, as also are the spiracles; head and plates on the first and last rings of the body black or blackish brown, glossy. It feeds from August to June in stems of reed (_Phragmites_), and is said {304} to hatch from the egg in the autumn. The moth flies in July and August, and is fond of the flowers of grasses growing in its marshy haunts. It is common in the Norfolk and Cambridge fens, and is found in suitable locations in Huntingdon, Northampton, Lincoln, Yorkshire, Cheshire, and South Lancashire, also in Berkshire, Suffolk, Essex, Kent, and Sussex. THE COMMON WAINSCOT (_Leucania pallens_). This common, often abundant species (Plate 147, Figs. 1, 2) is pretty generally distributed over the British Isles. The typical coloration is pale ochreous; ab. _arcuata_, Stephens, is pale brownish ochreous; ab. _ectypa_, Hübn. = _rufescens_, Haworth, is reddish; and ab. _suffusa_, Stephens, is also reddish, but powdered with blackish scales between the veins, and chiefly so under the median nervure. The hind wings in all forms are white in both sexes; but sometimes slightly tinged with greyish on the outer margin in the female. The caterpillar (Plate 152, Fig. 1) which feeds on grasses from August to May, is pale whity-brown freckled above with pinkish brown; three whitish lines along the back, the central one narrowly edged on each side, and the others on the inner side only, with blackish; a greyish stripe along the sides with two pinkish brown lines above it; dots, minute, black; head freckled with dark brown. Distribution abroad extends to Amurland. MATHEW'S WAINSCOT (_Leucania favicolor_). This species (Plate 149, Figs. 1, 2) has been mainly found on the coasts of North-east Essex and South-east Suffolk, but it has also been taken at Hemley in Suffolk, and has been recorded from near Southend in Essex, and Rochester in Kent. In 1906 six specimens were captured in the Isle of Sheppey. So far as is known at present this is its range in England, and it does not seem to occur anywhere abroad. It was first discovered by Paymaster-in-Chief G. F. Mathew, in 1895, and was described by the late Mr. C. G. Barrett in 1896. [Illustration] Pl. 148. 1, 1a. BROWN-VEINED WAINSCOT: _egg and chrysalis_. 2. TWIN-SPOTTED WAINSCOT: _egg, enlarged_. 3. BULRUSH MOTH: _chrysalis_. 4, 4a. FENN'S WAINSCOT: _caterpillar and chrysalis_. 5. REED WAINSCOT: _chrysalis_. 6. WEBB'S WAINSCOT: _chrysalis_. 7. DEVONSHIRE WAINSCOT: _caterpillar_. [Illustration]